{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T23:17:31Z","timestamp":1772579851541,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Korean Endocrine Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI18C1140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI18C1140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-enm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrinol Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: To evaluate whether insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are useful predictors of incident diabetes in Koreans using nationwide population-representative data to enhance data privacy.Methods: This study analyzed the data of individuals without diabetes aged &gt;40 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007\u20132010 and 2015 and the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS). Owing to privacy concerns, these databases cannot be linked using direct identifiers. Therefore, we generated 10 synthetic datasets, followed by statistical matching with the NHIS-HEALS. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model assessment of \u03b2-cell function (HOMA-\u03b2) were used as indicators of insulin resistance and insulin secretory function, respectively, and diabetes onset was captured in NHIS-HEALS.Results: A median of 4,580 (range, 4,463 to 4,761) adults were included in the analyses after statistical matching of 10 synthetic KNHANES and NHIS-HEALS datasets. During a mean follow-up duration of 5.8 years, a median of 4.7% (range, 4.3% to 5.0%) of the participants developed diabetes. Compared to the reference low\u2013HOMA-IR\/high\u2013HOMA-\u03b2 group, the high\u2013HOMA-IR\/low\u2013 HOMA-\u03b2 group had the highest risk of diabetes, followed by high\u2013HOMA-IR\/high\u2013HOMA-\u03b2 group and low\u2013HOMA-IR\/low\u2013 HOMA-\u03b2 group (median adjusted hazard ratio [ranges]: 3.36 [1.86 to 6.05], 1.81 [1.01 to 3.22], and 1.68 [0.93 to 3.04], respectively).Conclusion: Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are robust predictors of diabetes in the Korean population. A retrospective cohort constructed by combining cross-sectional synthetic and longitudinal claims-based cohort data through statistical matching may be a reliable resource for studying the natural history of diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3803\/enm.2024.1986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T08:58:51Z","timestamp":1725008331000},"page":"711-721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3803\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Insulin Resistance and Impaired Insulin Secretion Predict Incident Diabetes: A Statistical Matching Application to the Two Korean Nationwide, Population-Representative Cohorts"],"prefix":"10.3803","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8829-2994","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hyemin","family":"Jo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3440-2027","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soyeon","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5415-4505","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jung Hun","family":"Ohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2265-9845","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cheol Min","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eunjeong","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donggil","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Jae","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joongyub","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2119","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2022.0106"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"773","volume-title":"Banting lecture. From the triumvirate to the ominous octet: a new paradigm for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus","author":"Defronzo","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"1789","volume-title":"Ethnic differences in the relationship between insulin sensitivity and insulin response: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Kodama","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(09)60619-x"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(19)30425-5"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(15)00336-8"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-2932-y"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041312"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"e11032","volume-title":"Vitamin D status in South Korean population: seven-year trend from the KNHANES","author":"Park","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"227","volume-title":"Relative handgrip strength as a marker of metabolic syndrome: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VI (2014-2015)","author":"Yi","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.je20200002"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-020-01194-8"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2015.39.5.387"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016640"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00280883"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csda.2022.107569"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Synthpop: bespoke creation of synthetic data in R","author":"Nowok","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(15)00389-7"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooaa060"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/18910"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1","volume-title":"DataSynthesizer: privacy-preserving synthetic datasets","author":"Ping","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"441","volume-title":"Using CART to generate partially synthetic public use microdata","author":"Reiter","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref23","volume-title":"","author":"D\u2019Orazio","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00362-023-01468-3"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"Statistical matching: experimental results and future research questions [Internet]","author":"De Waal","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"S19","volume-title":"2","author":"ElSayed","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2021.0220"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2024.111640"}],"container-title":["Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/e-enm.org\/upload\/pdf\/enm-2024-1986.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-enm.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3803\/EnM.2024.1986","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/e-enm.org\/upload\/pdf\/enm-2024-1986.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T07:59:59Z","timestamp":1729843199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/e-enm.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3803\/EnM.2024.1986"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3803\/enm.2024.1986","relation":{},"ISSN":["2093-596X","2093-5978"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2093-596X","type":"print"},{"value":"2093-5978","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}