{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:11:33Z","timestamp":1784545893212,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Korean Endocrine Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00507256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00507256"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00401934"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00401934"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022IP0036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022IP0036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00399341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00399341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RS-2023-NR077276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-NR077276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Korean Endocrine Society of KES"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-enm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrinol Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: While experimental studies show kynurenine, a tryptophan metabolite, drives muscle catabolism through pro-oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms, clinical evidence linking circulating kynurenine to sarcopenia in humans remains scarce.Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 165 community-dwelling older adults, sarcopenia was diagnosed using Asian-specific criteria and serum kynurenine levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Using UK Biobank datasets, plasma indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)\u2014the enzyme converting tryptophan to kynurenine\u2014was quantified via Olink proteomics, and Mendelian randomization was used to assess the causal effect of plasma IDO1 on sarcopenia risk based on genomewide association study data.Results: In multivariable adjusted analyses, older adults with sarcopenia, low muscle mass, or weak muscle strength had 21.3%\u201329.2% higher serum kynurenine concentrations than controls (P&lt;0.001 to 0.010). Circulating kynurenine levels were inversely correlated with skeletal muscle index and grip strength (P=0.001 and 0.022, respectively). Each standard deviation increase in serum kynurenine was associated with a 1.80\u20132.97-fold increased risk for sarcopenia-related outcomes (P&lt;0.001 to 0.010). In the UK Biobank, higher IDO1 activity was associated with reduced muscle mass and strength (P=0.007 and P=0.004, respectively), and Mendelian randomization indicated a significant causal relationship between plasma IDO1 levels and increased sarcopenia risk (P= 0.010, \u03b2=0.105).Conclusion: These findings extend previous experimental evidence to the clinical setting, suggesting that elevated kynurenine\u2014driven by IDO1 activity\u2014contributes to sarcopenia in older adults. Circulating kynurenine may serve as an exploratory biomarker candidate for identifying individuals at heightened risk for muscle deterioration, warranting further validation in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3803\/enm.2025.2586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T04:42:56Z","timestamp":1765514576000},"page":"428-441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3803\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Higher Circulating Kynurenine Levels Linked to Higher Risk of Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A Cohort Study and UK Biobank Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3803","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9948-1622","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"June Yeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6305-3324","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yunju","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0839-3016","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"So Jeong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Yeon","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geonyoung","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyuk","family":"Sakong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5905-6760","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dongryeol","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2617-444X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hyun Ju","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical 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