{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:08:03Z","timestamp":1790860083325,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]],"date-time":"2002-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1030838400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Prostate Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"DOI":"10.3816\/cgc.2002.n.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,11]],"date-time":"2008-09-11T01:07:07Z","timestamp":1221095227000},"page":"97-104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Three-Dimensional Conformal Therapy Versus Standard Radiation Therapy in Localized Carcinoma of Prostate: An Update"],"prefix":"10.3816","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Carlos A.","family":"Perez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeff M.","family":"Michalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mansur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Ann","family":"Lockett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(91)90701-5","article-title":"The biological basis for conformal three-dimensional radiation therapy","volume":"21","author":"Leibel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Three-dimensional treatment planning and conformal radiation dose delivery","volume":"8","author":"Lichter","year":"1994","journal-title":"PPO Updates"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.2.517","article-title":"Comparison of the 5-year outcome and morbidity of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy versus transperineal permanent iodine-125 implantation for early-stage prostatic cancer","volume":"17","author":"Zelefsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)00479-X","article-title":"Three-dimensional conformal therapy or standard irradiation in localized carcinoma of prostate: Preliminary results of a nonrandomized comparison","volume":"47","author":"Perez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(96)00174-5","article-title":"Conformal radiation treatment of prostate cancer using inversely-planned intensity-modulated photon beams produced with dynamic multileaf collimation","volume":"35","author":"Ling","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib6","series-title":"Principles and Practice of Radiation Oncology","first-page":"1583","article-title":"Prostate","author":"Perez","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib7","series-title":"Report No. 50. Prescribing, recording, and reporting photon beam therapy","author":"International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib8","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Consensus statement: guidelines for PSA following radiation therapy","volume":"37","author":"American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology Consensus Panel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(58)90126-7","article-title":"Maximum utilization of the life table method in analyzing survival","volume":"8","author":"Cutler","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Chron Dis"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib10","first-page":"163","article-title":"Evaluation of survival data and two new rank order statistics arising in its consideration","volume":"50","author":"Mantel","year":"1966","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Rep"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib11","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Pearson","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)00618-U","article-title":"Conformal treatment of prostate cancer with improved targeting: superior prostate-specific antigen response compared to standard treatment","volume":"32","author":"Corn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(99)00498-8","article-title":"Dose selection for prostate cancer patients based on dose comparison and dose response studies","volume":"46","author":"Hanks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)67073-3","article-title":"Clinical and biochemical evidence of control of prostate cancer at 5 years after external beam radiation","volume":"154","author":"Hanks","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990230306","article-title":"Frequency of residual neoplasm in the prostate following three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy","volume":"23","author":"Forman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(93)90272-W","article-title":"Technical and tumor-related factors affecting outcome of definitive irradiation for localized carcinoma of the prostate","volume":"26","author":"Perez","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib17","first-page":"152","article-title":"Survival advantage for prostate cancer patients treated with high-dose three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy","volume":"5","author":"Hanks","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer J Sci Am"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00508-7","article-title":"External beam radiotherapy dose-response of prostate cancer","volume":"39","author":"Pollack","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3904","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.23.3904","article-title":"Preliminary results of a randomized radiotherapy dose escalation study comparing 70 Gy with 78 Gy for prostate cancer","volume":"18","author":"Pollack","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib20","first-page":"143","article-title":"Analysis of bNED control and factors predicting outcome in non-palpable (clinical stage T1c) adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated with 3D conformal external beam radiation therapy","volume":"42","author":"Wurzer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)00441-7","article-title":"3D conformal radiation therapy for high grade prostate cancer: a multi-institutional review","volume":"47","author":"Fiveash","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)00465-X","article-title":"Defining the appropriate dose for prostate cancer patients with PSA < 10 ng\/mL","volume":"47","author":"Pinover","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05180-0","article-title":"Comparison of radiation side-effects of conformal and conventional radiotherapy in prostate cancer: A randomised trial","volume":"353","author":"Dearnaley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)82499-6","article-title":"Results of 3D conformal radiotherapy in the treatment of localized prostate cancer","volume":"38","author":"Fukunaga-Johnson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/00130404-200203000-00010","article-title":"Intensity-modulated radiotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Leibel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer J"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00189-8","article-title":"A critical evaluation of the planning target volume for 3-D conformal radiotherapy of prostate cancer","volume":"42","author":"Tinger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(99)00011-0","article-title":"Quantification and predictors of prostate position variability in 50 patients evaluated with multiple CT scans during conformal radiotherapy","volume":"50","author":"Zelsfsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)00219-7","article-title":"Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer: Low risk of chronic rectal morbidity observed in a large series of patients","volume":"33","author":"Sandler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(93)90361-X","article-title":"Acute toxicity during external beam radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: Comparison of different techniques","volume":"25","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)00366-S","article-title":"Factors influencing incidence of acute grade 2 morbidity in conformal and standard radiation treatment of prostate cancer","volume":"31","author":"Hanks","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(96)00378-1","article-title":"Nonrandomized evaluation of pelvic lymph node irradiation in localized carcinoma of the prostate","volume":"36","author":"Perez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(96)00064-8","article-title":"Lateral rectal shielding reduces late rectal morbidity following high dose three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer: Further evidence for a significant dose effect","volume":"35","author":"Lee","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(96)00468-3","article-title":"Late GI and GU complications in the treatment of prostate cancer","volume":"37","author":"Schultheiss","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)02103-5","article-title":"Conventional versus conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer: Preliminary results of dosimetry and acute toxicity","volume":"34","author":"Pollack","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00406-4","article-title":"Acute morbidity reduction using 3D-CRT for prostate carcinoma: A randomized study","volume":"43","author":"Koper","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(96)01870-1","article-title":"Acute toxicity in pelvic radiotherapy; a randomised trial of conformal versus conventional treatment","volume":"42","author":"Tait","year":"1997","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990601)85:11<2460::AID-CNCR23>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Long term tolerance of high dose three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in patients with localized prostate carcinoma","volume":"85","author":"Zelefsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65855-7","article-title":"High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcome of localized prostate cancer","volume":"166","author":"Zelefsky","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)02030-6","article-title":"A method of analyzing rectal surface area irradiated and rectal complication in prostate conformal radiotherapy","volume":"33","author":"Lu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00400-3","article-title":"Normal tissue complication probabilities correlated with late effects in the rectum after prostate conformal radiotherapy","volume":"43","author":"Dale","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00453-7","article-title":"Cost benefit of emerging technology in localized carcinoma of the prostate","volume":"39","author":"Perez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.3816\/CGC.2002.n.011_bib42","first-page":"142","article-title":"Preliminary report of toxicity following 3D radiation therapy for prostate cancer on 3DOG\/RTOG 9406","volume":"42","author":"Michalski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"}],"container-title":["Clinical Prostate Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1540035211701305?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1540035211701305?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,25]],"date-time":"2018-12-25T23:23:35Z","timestamp":1545780215000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1540035211701305"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1540035211701305"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3816\/cgc.2002.n.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1540-0352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1540-0352","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]}}}