{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:45:09Z","timestamp":1792586709845,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Journal of Food and Drug Analysis (JFDA), Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan (TFDA)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food and Drug Analysis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Overuse of levofloxacin (LEV) is often associated with bacterial resistance and serious health problems, underscoring the need for reliable sensing and monitoring of LEV molecules. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate LEV using boron-doped diamond (BDD) and boron-doped diamond modified with MXene (Ti3C2TX) (BDD-MXene) electrode. The successful deposition of MXene on the BDD surface was confirmed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) methods were also applied to evaluate the electrochemical behavior. The results showed that both electrodes had a linear response in the range of 30-100 \u00b5M. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were found to be 1.0 x 10-6 M and 3.37 x 10-6 M for bare-BDD, while on BDD-MXene, the values were 3.90 x 10-7 M and 1.30 x 10-6 M, respectively. Furthermore, both electrodes showed good responses on selectivity tests with glucose and another fluoroquinolone antibiotic such as ciprofloxacin. The results also indicated good precision with %RSD less than 5%. In real sample applications using wastewater, bare-BDD and BDD-MXene produced excellent %recovery of 92.96% and 101.29%, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.38212\/2224-6614.3517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]],"date-time":"2024-09-15T05:54:57Z","timestamp":1726379697000},"page":"348-357","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sensitive electrochemical sensor of levofloxacin using boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode modified with Ti3C2TX (MXene) material"],"prefix":"10.38212","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Prastika Krisma","family":"Jiwanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indah Harindy","family":"Putri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grandprix T.M.","family":"Kadja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuaki","family":"Einaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurencia Gabrielle","family":"Sutanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siti","family":"Wafiroh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dewi Kartika Azizah","family":"Sukardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anis Puspita","family":"Sari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahta","family":"Amrillah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilma","family":"Amalina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qonita Kurnia","family":"Anjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan Jeffrey","family":"Basirun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"25385","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]},"container-title":["Journal of Food and Drug Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jfda-online.com\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=3517&amp;context=journal","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:16:12Z","timestamp":1792584972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jfda-online.com\/journal\/vol32\/iss3\/7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.38212\/2224-6614.3517","relation":{},"ISSN":["2224-6614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2224-6614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]}}}