{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:44:39Z","timestamp":1792586679617,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Journal of Food and Drug Analysis (JFDA), Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan (TFDA)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Food and Drug Analysis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The tubers of Lepidium meyenii (commonly known as maca) have been used in the Andean cuisine for ages. The study aims to determine the behavior of the extract from the red phenotype of maca in the in vitro gastrointestinal tract model and also to define the overall impact of the extract on the microbiota. Glucosinolates, lepidilines, and a derivative of \u03b2-carboline alkaloid, i.e. 1-methyltetrahydro-\u03b2-5,6-hydride-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, as representatives of one of the main groups of metabolites were selected for the quantitative analysis after in vitro digestion at every stage of the digestion model. The results showed that lepidilines remained highly stable throughout the digestive simulation, whereas glucosinolates and the \u03b2-carboline derivative were substantially degraded, under the influence of the enzymes and bacteria applied in the \u201clarge intestine\u201d. In addition, the red maca extract exhibited prebiotic activity by promoting the growth of selected lactic acid bacteria, with Lactococcus lactis showing the most pronounced response, suggesting that maca-derived preparations may hold promising potential as ingredients in functional foods and microbiota-targeted nutritional formulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.38212\/2224-6614.3602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T15:45:04Z","timestamp":1786463104000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In vitro digestion modifies Lepidium meyenii extract, altering its major glucosinolates, lepidilines, \u03b2-carbolines, and gut bacterial growth"],"prefix":"10.38212","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Dominik","family":"Tarabasz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Baranowska-W\u00f3jcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8 Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Szczeblewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11\/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Laskowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11\/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaudia","family":"Gustaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8 Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzena","family":"Furtak-Niczyporuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Department of Public Health, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Szwajgier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8 Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita Cristina","family":"Orihuela-Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department of Stomatology for Children and Adolescents, Integrated Faculties of Medicine, Stomatology and Nursing, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Av. Honorio Delgado 430, Lima"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry O.","family":"Meissner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NICM, Western Sydney University, Health Research Institute, Bldg J, 158-160 Hawkesbury Rd., Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Borzyszkowska-Bukowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Str. 11\/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wirginia","family":"Kukula-Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"25385","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"container-title":["Journal of Food and Drug Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:14:12Z","timestamp":1792584852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jfda-online.com\/journal\/vol34\/iss3\/11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.38212\/2224-6614.3602","relation":{},"ISSN":["2224-6614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2224-6614","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]}}}