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We examine both the time-averaged and time-series alkali spectral flux individually, over 4 nights at a hot Saturn system on a \u223c2.8 day orbit about a Sun-like star WASP-49 A. Very Large Telescope\/ESPRESSO observations are analyzed, providing new constraints. We recover the previously confirmed residual sodium flux uniquely when averaged, whereas night-to-night Na <jats:sc>i<\/jats:sc> varies by more than an order of magnitude. On HARPS\/3.6 m Epoch II, we report a Doppler redshift at <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>\u0393,NaD<\/jats:sub> = + 9.7 \u00b1 1.6 km s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> with respect to the planet\u2019s rest frame. Upon examining the lightcurves, we confirm night-to-night variability, on the order of \u223c1%\u20134% in NaD, rarely coinciding with exoplanet transit, not readily explained by stellar activity, starspots, tellurics, or the interstellar medium. Coincident with the \u223c+10 km s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> Doppler redshift, we detect a transient sodium absorption event <jats:italic>dF<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>NaD<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>\u22c6<\/jats:sub> = 3.6% \u00b1 1% at a relative difference of \u0394<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>NaD<\/jats:sub>(<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>) \u223c 4.4% \u00b1 1%, lasting \u0394<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>NaD<\/jats:sub> \u2273 40 minutes. Since exoplanetary alkali signatures are blueshifted due to the natural vector of radiation pressure, estimated here at roughly \u223c\u22125.7 km s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, the radial velocity is rather at +15.4 km s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, far larger than any known exoplanet system. Given that the redshift magnitude <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                  <jats:sub>\u0393<\/jats:sub> is in between the Roche limit and dynamically stable satellite orbits, the transient sodium may be a putative indication of a natural satellite orbiting WASP-49 A b.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ad6b29","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T17:31:28Z","timestamp":1727717488000},"page":"L53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Redshifted Sodium Transient near Exoplanet Transit"],"prefix":"10.3847","volume":"973","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1655-0715","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Apurva V.","family":"Oza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7990-9596","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julia V.","family":"Seidel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8981-6759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. 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