{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:22:37Z","timestamp":1791073357442,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incidence and risk factors of HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are not well defined in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 56,305 adult HIV type-1 (HIV-1)-infected patients who started cART in 1 of 22 prospective studies in Europe were included. Weibull random effects models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for developing systemic NHL and included CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cell counts and viral load as time-updated variables.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During the 212,042 person-years of follow-up, 521 patients were diagnosed with systemic NHL and 62 with primary brain lymphoma (PBL). The incidence rate of systemic NHL was 463 per 100,000 person-years not on cART and 205 per 100,000 person-years in treated patients for a rate ratio of 0.44 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37\u20130.53). The corresponding incidence rates of PBL were 57 and 24 per 100,000 person-years (rate ratio 0.43, 95% CI 0.25-0.73). Suppression of HIV-1 replication on cART (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.44-0.81, comparing \u2264500 with 10,000-99,999 copies\/ml) and increases in CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cell counts (HR 0.30, 0.22-0.42, comparing \u2265350 with 100-199 cells\/pl) were protective; a history of Kaposi's sarcoma (HR 1.70, 1.08-2.68, compared to no history of AIDS), transmission through sex between men (HR 1.57, 1.19-2.08, compared with heterosexual transmission) and older age (HR 3.71, 2.37-5.80, comparing \u226550 with 16-29 years) were risk factors for systemic NHL.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence rates of both systemic NHL and PBL were substantially reduced in patients on cART. Timely initiation of therapy is key to the prevention of NHL in the era of cART.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3851\/imp1462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,21]],"date-time":"2009-12-21T11:06:49Z","timestamp":1261393609000},"page":"1065-1074","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Incidence and Risk Factors of HIV-Related Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in the era of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: A European Multicohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"name":"The Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) Study Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Bohlius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine [ISPM], University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Schmidlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(ISPM)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Costagliola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(INSERM, U720 UPMC Universit\u00e9 Paris 06, Paris, France)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"F\u00e4tkenheuer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Universit\u00e4tsklinik K\u00f6ln, Cologne, Germany)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Caro-Murillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Mocroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(University College London Medical School, London, UK)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Bonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Centre d'Information et de Soins de l'Immunod\u00e9ficience Humaine, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Clifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Karafoulidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(2nd Blood Transfusion and Hemophilia Center, Laikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose M","family":"Miro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Lundgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Copenhagen HIV Programme, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevieve","family":"Chene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(INSERM, U897 Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universit\u00e9 Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Egger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(ISPM)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(03)00983-5"},{"key":"bibr2-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.13.1736"},{"key":"bibr3-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19971127)73:5<645::AID-IJC6>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"bibr4-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.23.2220"},{"key":"bibr5-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23487"},{"key":"bibr6-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328317cc2d"},{"key":"bibr7-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-148-10-200805200-00005"},{"key":"bibr8-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.4.416"},{"key":"bibr9-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.8252"},{"key":"bibr10-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/596766"},{"key":"bibr11-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.12.3406"},{"key":"bibr12-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.11.097"},{"key":"bibr13-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282f2705d"},{"key":"bibr14-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599313"},{"key":"bibr15-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djm010"},{"key":"bibr16-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3282f88d02"},{"key":"bibr17-IMP1462","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350400900421","volume":"9","author":"Kjaer 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