{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T10:33:06Z","timestamp":1790937186196,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]],"date-time":"2010-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1272672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment of rare severe side effects of vaccinia virus (VACV) immunization in humans is currently very challenging. VACV possesses two immunologically distinct virion forms in vivo \u2014 intracellular mature virion (MV, IMV) and extracellular virion (EV, EEV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibody-mediated therapeutic efficacy was determined against VACV infection in a small animal model of progressive vaccinia. The model consisted of severe combined immunodeficiency mice infected with VACV New York City Board of Health vaccine strain and treated with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Here, we show that combination therapy with two fully human mAbs against an immunodominant MV antigen, H3 (H3L), and an EV antigen, B5 (B5R), provides significantly better protection against disease and death than either single human monoclonal or human vaccinia immune globulin, the currently licensed therapeutic for side effects of smallpox vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The preclinical studies validate that this combination of mAbs against H3 and B5 is a promising approach as a poxvirus infection treatment for use in humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3851\/imp1573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,22]],"date-time":"2010-06-22T10:03:10Z","timestamp":1277200990000},"page":"661-675","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Combination therapy of vaccinia virus infection with human anti-H3 and anti-B5 monoclonal antibodies in a small animal model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Megan M","family":"McCausland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA"},{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Rafii-El-Idrissi","family":"Benhnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Crickard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Laudenslager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyowa Hakko Kirin California, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven W","family":"Granger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyowa Hakko Kirin California, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Tahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Kubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyowa Hakko Kirin California, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilia","family":"Koriazova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyowa Hakko Kirin California, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyowa Hakko Kirin California, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA"},{"name":"Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane","family":"Crotty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.22.2127"},{"key":"bibr2-IMP1573","author":"Fenner F.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Smallpox and its eradication"},{"key":"bibr3-IMP1573","unstructured":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NIAID Category A, B & C Priority Pathogens. (Updated December 2009. Accessed December 2009.) Available from http:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/topics\/biodefenserelated\/biodefense\/research\/pages\/cata.aspx."},{"key":"bibr4-IMP1573","unstructured":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NIAID High Priority Biodefense Products. (Updated February 2010. Accessed September 2007.) Available from http:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/topics\/biodefenserelated\/biodefense\/research\/immunologybiodefense\/Pages\/default.aspx."},{"key":"bibr5-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0706.010607"},{"key":"bibr6-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0701.010125"},{"key":"bibr7-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339909"},{"key":"bibr8-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/498115"},{"key":"bibr9-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1273"},{"key":"bibr10-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0506-495"},{"key":"bibr11-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/505880"},{"key":"bibr12-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/375824"},{"key":"bibr13-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.10.063"},{"key":"bibr14-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.11.1452-a"},{"key":"bibr15-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200305083481914"},{"key":"bibr16-IMP1573","first-page":"1","volume":"52","author":"Cono J.","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr17-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/375825"},{"key":"bibr18-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2005.12.001"},{"key":"bibr19-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20082835"},{"key":"bibr20-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422999"},{"key":"bibr21-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.26.2.176","volume":"26","author":"Kempe C.H.","year":"1960","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bibr22-IMP1573","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.18.2.177","volume":"18","author":"Kempe C.H.","year":"1956","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"bibr23-IMP1573","first-page":"325","volume":"27","author":"Marennikova S.S.","year":"1962","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"bibr24-IMP1573","first-page":"59","volume":"1","author":"Couzi G.","year":"1941","journal-title":"Bulletin de l'Institut d'hygiene du Maroc"},{"key":"bibr25-IMP1573","author":"Vaccinia Immune Globulin (human)","year":"1991","journal-title":"Package insert"},{"key":"bibr26-IMP1573","author":"Vaccinia Immune Globulin Intravenous (human; 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