{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:46:39Z","timestamp":1777452399636,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-infected individuals in Vietnam is rapidly expanding, but there are limited data on HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) to guide ART strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively conducted HIVDR testing in 220 ART-naive individuals recruited to a randomized controlled trial of immediate versus deferred ART in individuals with HIV-associated tuberculous meningitis in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) from 2005\u20132008. HIVDR mutations were identified by population sequencing of the HIV pol gene and were defined based on 2009 WHO surveillance drug resistance mutations (SDRMs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We successfully sequenced 219\/220 plasma samples of subjects prior to ART; 218 were subtype CRF01_AE and 1 was subtype B. SDRMs were identified in 14\/219 (6.4%) subjects; 8\/14 were resistant to nucleoside\/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs; T69D, L74V, V75M, M184V\/I and K219R), 5\/14 to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs; K103N, V106M, Y181C, Y188C and G190A), 1\/14 to both NRTIs and NNRTIs (D67N and Y181C) and none to protease inhibitors. After 6 months of ART, eight subjects developed protocol-defined virological failure. HIVDR mutations were identified in 5\/8 subjects. All five had mutations with high-level resistance to NNRTIs and three had mutations with high-level resistance to NRTIs. Due to a high early mortality rate (58%), the effect of pre-existing HIVDR mutations on treatment outcome could not be accurately assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of WHO SDRMs in ART-naive individuals with HIV-associated tuberculous meningitis in HCMC from 2005\u20132008 is 6.4%. The SDRMs identified conferred resistance to NRTIs and\/or NNRTIs, reflecting the standard first-line ART regimens in Vietnam.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3851\/imp2092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,22]],"date-time":"2012-03-22T19:11:22Z","timestamp":1332443482000},"page":"905-913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hiv-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral-Naive Individuals with H I V-1-Associated Tuberculous Meningitis Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vu P","family":"Thao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thuy","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Hawaii Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Estee M","family":"T\u00f6r\u00f6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nguyen TB","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital for Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tran TH","family":"Chau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Jurriaans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rogier H","family":"van Doorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menno D","family":"de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy J","family":"Farrar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah J","family":"Dunstan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013552"},{"key":"bibr2-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000131391.91468.ff"},{"key":"bibr3-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200412150-00006"},{"key":"bibr4-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70032-9"},{"key":"bibr5-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2007.00504.x"},{"key":"bibr6-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030356"},{"key":"bibr7-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1310\/hct0806-357"},{"key":"bibr8-IMP2092","first-page":"10","volume":"13","author":"UK Drug Resistance database.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Commun Dis Rep CDR 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Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services. (Updated 10 January 2011. Accessed 18 April 2011.) Available from http:\/\/www.aidsinfo.nih.gov\/ContentFiles\/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf."},{"key":"bibr14-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2008.00636.x"},{"key":"bibr15-IMP2092","volume-title":"Vietnam 2010 country progress report on following up the implementation to the declaration of commitment on HIV and AIDS.","author":"UNAIDS.","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr16-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/088922203322493111"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr17-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350801302S11","volume":"13","author":"Nguyen H.T.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"bibr18-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2008.0193"},{"key":"bibr19-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2009.0142"},{"key":"bibr20-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2009.0206"},{"key":"bibr21-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2011.0013"},{"key":"bibr22-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350801302S04"},{"key":"bibr23-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir230"},{"key":"bibr24-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040573"},{"key":"bibr25-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.28.3.495-503.1990"},{"key":"bibr26-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00894-06"},{"key":"bibr27-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000131357.52457.33"},{"key":"bibr28-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004724"},{"key":"bibr29-IMP2092","first-page":"156","volume":"18","author":"Johnson V.A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Top HIV Med"},{"key":"bibr30-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msm092"},{"key":"bibr31-IMP2092","unstructured":"Los Alamos National Library HIV Database. (Updated April 2010. Accessed 1 September 2010.) Available from http:\/\/www.hiv.lanl.gov\/content\/index."},{"key":"bibr32-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-007-1019-9"},{"key":"bibr33-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/498220"},{"key":"bibr34-IMP2092","unstructured":"Vietnam Ministry of Health IHRD. Harm reduction developments 2008: countries with injection-driven HIV epidemics. New York: International Harm Reduction Development Program of the Open Society Institute. (Updated 1 March 2008. Accessed 31 March 2011.) Available from http:\/\/www.soros.org\/initiatives\/health\/focus\/ihrd\/articles_publications\/publications\/developments_20080304\/developments_20080304.pdf."},{"key":"bibr35-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-134-6-200103200-00008"},{"key":"bibr36-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir107"},{"key":"bibr37-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01480-09"},{"key":"bibr38-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2009.00756.x"},{"key":"bibr39-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.2.603-611.2004"},{"key":"bibr40-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/0889222041217518"},{"key":"bibr41-IMP2092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.7.2291-2296.1999"}],"container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3851\/IMP2092","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3851\/IMP2092","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:50:51Z","timestamp":1777380651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3851\/IMP2092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3851\/IMP2092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3851\/imp2092","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-6535","2040-2058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-6535","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-2058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}}}