{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:28:38Z","timestamp":1791347318756,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effect of rifampicin-based tuberculosis (TB) treatment on the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz\/tenofovir\/emtricitabine in a fixed-dose combination tablet, and vice versa, in Tanzanian TB\u2013HIV-coinfected patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a Phase II open-label multiple dose pharmacokinetic and safety study. This study was conducted in TB\u2013HIV-coinfected Tanzanian patients who started TB treatment (rifampicin\/isoniazid\/pyrazinamide\/ethambutol) at week 1 to week 8 and continued with rifampicin and isoniazid for another 16 weeks. Antiretroviral treatment (ART) of efavirenz\/tenofovir\/emtricitabine in a fixed-dose combination tablet was started at week 4 after initiation of TB treatment. A 24-h pharmacokinetic sampling curve was recorded at week 8 (with TB treatment) and week 28 (ART alone). For TB drugs, blood samples at 2 and 5 h post-dose were taken at week 3 (TB treatment alone) and week 8 (with ART).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 25 patients (56% male) completed the study; 21 had evaluable pharmacokinetic profiles. The area under the concentration\u2013time curve 0\u201324 h post-dose of efavirenz, tenofovir and emtricitabine were slightly higher when these drugs were coadministered with TB drugs; geometric mean ratios (90% CI) were 1.08 (0.90, 1.30), 1.13 (0.93, 1.38) and 1.05 (0.85, 1.29), respectively. For TB drugs, equivalence was suggested for peak plasma concentrations when administered with and without efavirenz\/tenofovir\/emtricitabine. Adverse events were mostly mild and no serious adverse events or drug discontinuations were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coadministration of efavirenz, tenofovir and emtricitabine with a standard first-line TB treatment regimen did not significantly alter the pharmacokinetic parameters of these drugs and was tolerated well by Tanzanian TB patients who are coinfected with HIV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3851\/imp2413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,5]],"date-time":"2012-10-05T13:07:59Z","timestamp":1349442479000},"page":"105-113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Efavirenz, Tenofovir and Emtricitabine Combined with First-Line Tuberculosis Treatment in Tuberculosis\u2013Hiv-Coinfected Tanzanian Patients: A Pharmacokinetic and Safety Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Hadija H","family":"Semvua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles M","family":"Mtabho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quirine","family":"Fillekes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jossy","family":"Van Den Boogaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Centre for Chronic Diseases Dekkerswald, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riziki M","family":"Kisonga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong'oto National Tuberculosis Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liberate","family":"Mleoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong'oto National Tuberculosis Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold","family":"Ndaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elton R","family":"Kisanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Van Der Ven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob E","family":"Aarnoutse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gibson S","family":"Kibiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J","family":"Boeree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"University Centre for Chronic Diseases Dekkerswald, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-IMP2413","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis control: WHO report 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