{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:36:11Z","timestamp":1790753771892,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic HBV infection is a significant public health problem and one major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV impairs the host immune system and results in immunotolerance, which is a major obstacle to HBV therapy. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) is a strong immunostimulant which activates the innate immune response rapidly and has been shown to be an efficient therapy agent in viral infection treatment. Here, we report the anti-HBV activity of CpG-1826 in a hydrodynamic injection murine model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CpG-1826 was administrated intraperitoneally every other day in HBV carrier mice established by tail vein hydrodynamic injection of HBV plasmids. The serum concentrations of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), HBV e antigen (HBeAg), HBV surface antibody (HBsAb), HBV core antibody (HBcAb), interferon-\u03b1 (IFN-\u03b1) and interferon-\u03b3 (IFN-\u03b3) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were determined by ALT kit using a Spectramax Plus spectrophotometer. Hepatic HBV DNA was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of HBV core antigen (HBcAg) in liver was detected by immunohistochemistry. Drug toxicity of CpG-1826 was evaluated by body weighting and liver histopathology confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CpG-1826 administration inhibited HBV replication efficiently with significant reduction of serum HBsAg and HBeAg, hepatic HBcAg and HBV DNA levels. The serum levels of IFN-\u03b1, IFN-\u03b3 and HBsAb increased but the HBcAb level declined in the CpG-1826 group compared to CpG-1982 and PBS control groups. Results of ALT activity indicated no significant difference among CpG-1826 group, CpG-1982 and PBS control groups. Body weighting and histopathology examination showed no obvious toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the stimulation activity of a host immune system, CpG ODN is a promising strategy for HBV therapy with more relevant research needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3851\/imp2870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,3]],"date-time":"2014-10-03T11:50:08Z","timestamp":1412337008000},"page":"289-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Inhibits HBV Replication in a Hydro Dynamic Injection Murine Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Ying","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue-Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-IMP2870","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0801644"},{"key":"bibr2-IMP2870","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/374546a0"},{"key":"bibr3-IMP2870","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5273.352"},{"key":"bibr4-IMP2870","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.7.2879"},{"key":"bibr5-IMP2870","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.20.100301.064842"},{"key":"bibr6-IMP2870","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-12-471227"},{"key":"bibr7-IMP2870","first-page":"226","volume":"25","author":"Mallick A.I.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Viral 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