{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:55:17Z","timestamp":1777452917757,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased insulin resistance (IR), associated with specific antiretroviral drugs or drug classes, is an established risk factor for type 2 diabetes in HIV patients, ultimately increasing morbidity and mortality. To date, data on the risk of IR in tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)-based protocols are unavailable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective randomized, open-label study evaluated the effects of IR on 30 healthy volunteers receiving fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) of emtricit-abine\/tenofovir alafenamide (F\/TAF), elvitegravir\/cobi-cistat\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir alafenamide (E\/C\/F\/TAF) or rilpivirine\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir alafenamide (R\/F\/TAF). IR was measured before and after 14-day treatments using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycaemic clamp technique (HEGC). Changes in IR in each group were evaluated using the mean glucose disposal rate, normalized with body weight (M\n                      <jats:sub>BW<\/jats:sub>\n                      [mg glucose\/(minxkg)]).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 30 subjects underwent randomization: one subject in the F\/TAF arm withdrew consent after randomization and one in the R\/F\/TAF arm had to be excluded because of technical failure during HEGC, resulting in 28 subjects in the per-protocol population (F\/TAF, n=9 subjects; E\/C\/F\/TAF, n=10 subjects; R\/F\/TAF n=9 subjects). No significant differences were detected on the baseline characteristics. IR did not differ among the groups before treatment. None of the studied anti-retroviral combinations resulted in a significant change in IR after 14 days compared with baseline values, as measured by M\n                      <jats:sub>BW<\/jats:sub>\n                      (F\/TAF, 11.42 \u00b13.04 mean [\u00b1sd] versus 11.43 \u00b13.23, P=0.49; E\/C\/F\/TAF, 10.04 \u00b12.49 versus 10.95 \u00b14.26, P=0.30; R\/F\/TAF, 11.03 \u00b11.96 versus 13.01 \u00b14.11, P=0.13).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Short-term treatment for F\/TAF, E\/C\/F\/TAF or R\/F\/TAF did not increase IR in healthy male volunteers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3851\/imp3271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T11:24:15Z","timestamp":1538565855000},"page":"629-632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of antiretroviral combination therapies F\/TAF, E\/C\/F\/TAF and R\/F\/TAF on insulin resistance in healthy volunteers: The TAF-IR Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Christoph D","family":"Spinner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Bobardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander Von","family":"Werder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland M","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Zink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department I of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MUC Research, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Iakoubov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2010.11.002"},{"key":"bibr2-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199807000-00003"},{"key":"bibr3-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.2.538"},{"key":"bibr4-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP1988"},{"key":"bibr5-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.12.007"},{"key":"bibr6-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1979.237.3.E214"},{"key":"bibr7-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP3049"},{"key":"bibr8-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1293.2008.00690.x"},{"key":"bibr9-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.17.4.19550"},{"key":"bibr10-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.08070910"},{"key":"bibr11-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.1996.tb00736.x"},{"key":"bibr12-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200001010-00005"},{"key":"bibr13-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00550.2006"},{"key":"bibr14-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-2013"},{"key":"bibr15-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ296"},{"key":"bibr16-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000379"},{"key":"bibr17-IMP3271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(17)30031-0"}],"container-title":["Antiviral 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