{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:17:57Z","timestamp":1791400677021,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Viral infections are among the most common problems in health-care practice. Natural products offer great promise as potentially effective antiviral drugs. Propolis is a honeybee product with biological properties and therapeutic applications. We aimed to investigate the antiviral activity of different extracts of Standardized Propolis Preparations (M.E.D.\u00ae) with glycol, ethanol, glycerol and soya oil, against herpes simplex type-1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) viruses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chemical composition and antiviral activity of each extract were determined. The selective index (SI=CC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/EC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) was determined as a parameter to indicate the in vitro antiviral activity of the extracts compared with acyclovir as the control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SI values of glycol, ethanol, glycerol, soya oil extracts and acyclovir were determined as 6.8, 4.1, 2.2, 3.3 and 6.3 against HSV-1, and as 6.4, 7.7, 1.9, 4.2 and 2.9 against HSV-2, respectively. Glycolic propolis extract was found to possess a greater antiviral activity than acyclovir for both HSV-1 and 2, while glycolic, ethanolic and soya oil preparations were found to have more significant activity than acyclovir for HSV-2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It was determined that standardized propolis preparations have antiviral bioactivity against HSV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3851\/imp3383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T09:23:46Z","timestamp":1614072226000},"page":"353-363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Antiviral Activity of Different Extracts of Standardized Propolis Preparations against HSV"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Sevda","family":"Demir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Timucin","family":"Atayoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Galeotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele U","family":"Garzarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Nutraceutical Lab, University of the Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Zaccaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, Pavia University, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Volpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Karagoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fikrettin","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.19.237149"},{"key":"bibr2-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000335"},{"key":"bibr3-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.09.014"},{"key":"bibr4-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.16157.1"},{"key":"bibr5-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2010.541877"},{"key":"bibr6-IMP3383","first-page":"14","volume":"1","author":"Kitazato K.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Discov 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N., Fachini A. [Procedure for obtaining integral extracts of propolis rich in polyphenols and with antibacterial activity and its application in the prevention and treatment of infectious processes of bacterial origin]. Ufficio Italiano Brevetti e Marchi No. 0001425516. 2017."},{"key":"bibr26-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13337-012-0105-0"},{"key":"bibr27-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.897282"},{"key":"bibr28-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.9.2943-2947.2002"},{"key":"bibr29-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.19.9106-9114.2000"},{"key":"bibr30-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00122-14"},{"key":"bibr31-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/apido:19920306"},{"key":"bibr32-IMP3383","first-page":"923","volume":"4","author":"Huleihel M.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"bibr33-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00426-06"},{"key":"bibr34-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511545313"},{"key":"bibr35-IMP3383","first-page":"45","volume":"9","author":"Nalla A.A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"IJPR"},{"key":"bibr36-IMP3383","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2009.07.006"}],"container-title":["Antiviral Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3851\/IMP3383","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3851\/IMP3383","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3851\/IMP3383","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:52:58Z","timestamp":1777380778000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3851\/IMP3383"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3851\/IMP3383"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3851\/imp3383","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-6535","2040-2058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-6535","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-2058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]]}}}