{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T18:17:26Z","timestamp":1783189046095,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","issue":"06","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593475200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Infect Dev Ctries"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: In view of the continuous rise in Gram-negative bacterial resistance and limited treatment options, Ceftolozane\/tazobactam (C\/T) is a newly introduced antimicrobial agent in Lebanon for its demonstrated activity against resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, in vitro data is not available about its activity against commonly isolated bacteria in this country.\r\nMethodology: The analysis included clinical isolates, multidrug\u2013resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBLs), representing 124 Escherichia coli, 75 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 100 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, identified using the MALDI-TOF. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for C\/T was determined by the Etest (Liofilchem, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy). In addition, the disk diffusion (DD) test was used to determine the activity of C\/T and of the antimicrobials routinely used to test for such pathogens.\r\nResults: The C\/T activity against the ESBL producers E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were similar (MIC90 value of 1 and 1.5 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively; susceptibility of 100% and 96%, respectively). However, the activity of C\/T against the E. coli and K. pneumoniae MDR isolates was much lower (MIC90 value of 256 and 96 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively; susceptibility of 54% for each). The C\/T MIC90 value for the non-MDR P. aeruginosa isolates was 3 \u00b5g\/mL and \u2265 256 \u00b5g\/mL for the MDR P. aeruginosa isolates (susceptibility of 96% vs 42% respectively). Overall, the C\/T activities show comparable or higher susceptibility to the routinely used antimicrobials.\r\nConclusion: The high in vitro activity of C\/T points out its value as a possible alternative to the antimicrobials currently used for treatment of infections caused by such pathogens and would help in minimizing toxicity and bacterial resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.12368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]],"date-time":"2020-07-18T10:12:38Z","timestamp":1595067158000},"page":"559-564","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Activity of ceftolozane\/tazobactam against commonly encountered antimicrobial resistant Gram-negative bacteria in Lebanon"],"prefix":"10.3855","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"George F","family":"Araj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana M","family":"Berjawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umayya","family":"Musharrafieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy K","family":"El Beayni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2222","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/12368\/2279","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/12368\/2279","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]],"date-time":"2020-07-18T10:12:38Z","timestamp":1595067158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/view\/12368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3855\/jidc.12368","relation":{},"ISSN":["1972-2680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1972-2680","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]}}}