{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:34:53Z","timestamp":1772253293106,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","issue":"07","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Infect Dev Ctries"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Data from Africa reporting the epidemiology of infection in hospitalised neonates are limited.\r\nMethodology: A prospective study with convenience sampling was conducted to characterise neonates investigated with blood culture\/s for suspected infection at a 132-bed neonatal unit in Cape Town, South Africa (1 February-31 October 2018). Enrolled neonates were classified as having proven bloodstream infection (BSI) (blood culture-positive with a pathogen) or presumed infection (clinically suspected but blood culture-negative) or as potentially at risk of infection (maternal risk factors at birth).\r\nResults: Of 1299 hospitalised neonates with &gt;1 blood culture sampling episode, 712 (55%) were enrolled: 126 (17.7%) had proven BSI; 299 (42%) had presumed infection and 287 (40.3%) were potentially at risk of infection. Neonates with proven BSI had lower birth weight and higher rates of co-existing surgical conditions versus the presumed\/potential infection groups (p &lt; 0.001). Median onset of proven BSI versus presumed infection was at 8 (IQR = 5-13) and 1 (IQR = 0-5) days respectively (p &lt; 0.001). Most proven BSI were healthcare-associated (114\/126; 90.5%), with Klebsiella pneumoniae (80.6% extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase producers) and Staphylococcus aureus (66.7% methicillin-resistant) predominating. Mortality from proven BSI (34\/126; 27%) was substantially higher than that observed in presumed (8\/299; 2.7%) and potential infections (3\/287; 1.0%) (p &lt; 0.001). The odds of death from proven BSI was 3-fold higher for Gram-negatives than for Gram-positive\/fungal pathogens (OR = 3.23; 95% CI = 1.17-8.92).\r\nConclusions: Proven BSI episodes were predominantly healthcare-associated and associated with a high case fatality rate. Most neonates with presumed infection or at potential risk of infection had favourable 30-day outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.13971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T15:15:38Z","timestamp":1628003738000},"page":"943-952","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Epidemiology of clinically suspected and laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections at a South African neonatal unit"],"prefix":"10.3855","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Angela","family":"Dramowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrie","family":"Bekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark Frederic","family":"Cotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew Christopher","family":"Whitelaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Coffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2222","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/13971\/2564","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/13971\/2564","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T15:15:38Z","timestamp":1628003738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/view\/13971"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"07","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3855\/jidc.13971","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-72787\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1972-2680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1972-2680","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]}}}