{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T04:07:57Z","timestamp":1785816477941,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","issue":"12.1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Infect Dev Ctries"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted public transportation systems worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the rate of COVID-19 positivity and its associated factors among users of public transportation in socioeconomically disadvantaged regions of Brazil during the pre-vaccination phase of the pandemic.\nMethodology: This ecological study, conducted in Aracaju city in Northeast Brazil, is a component of the TestAju Program. This initiative was designed to expand COVID-19 testing to asymptomatic individuals in public spaces such as squares and bus terminals. Using logistic regression, we examined the relationship between COVID-19 positivity and factors such as demographics, socioeconomic status, and travel frequency. The Fruchterman-Reingold algorithm was used to explore transmission pathways across neighborhoods with varying living conditions.\nResults: Of the 1,420 public transport users tested via real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 249 were positive, indicating a 17.5% positivity rate (95% CI: 15.7\u201319.6). Our findings revealed a higher positivity rate during periods of increased viral spread (OR = 4.3, 95% CI: 3.1\u20135.9) and in neighborhoods with poorer conditions (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1\u20132.1). Network analysis revealed affluent neighborhoods as significant transmission hubs of the disease.\nConclusions: Our study highlights the vital role of urban mobility patterns in the spread of COVID-19. Neighborhoods with better living conditions that serve as hubs of activity and movement, enable gatherings and interactions among people from diverse regions, including those from areas with higher infection rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.19843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]],"date-time":"2025-01-26T09:15:15Z","timestamp":1737882915000},"page":"S305-S309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Network analysis of socioeconomic disparities and public transport in COVID-19 spread: a case study in northeast Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3855","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Taise F","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waneska de S","family":"Barboza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7993-8664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cliomar A","family":"Dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano Antunes de S","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5155-938X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucindo Jos\u00e9","family":"Quintans-J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8779-0727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Ricardo","family":"Martins-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2222","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/19843\/3550","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/19843\/3550","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]],"date-time":"2025-01-26T09:15:16Z","timestamp":1737882916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/view\/19843"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12.1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3855\/jidc.19843","relation":{},"ISSN":["1972-2680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1972-2680","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]}}}