{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T03:38:55Z","timestamp":1787110735354,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","issue":"07","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753660800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Infect Dev Ctries"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Atypical nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) constitute a diverse group of environmental organisms capable of causing infections in immunocompromised patients. Mycobacterium phlei has limited documentation of clinical disease in the literature.\nCase presentation: We present the case of a 68-year-old immunocompetent female with type II diabetes mellitus and a recent history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. One month postoperatively, the patient developed localized wound complications followed by the appearance of a growing axillary mass. Imaging studies suggested possible malignancy (BIRADS-4), but histopathological evaluation revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation without malignant cells.\nResults: the diagnosis was a rare case of lymphadenitis due to M. phlei, confirmed by histology and molecular diagnostics. The patient responded favorably to combination antibiotic therapy.\nConclusions: Through this report, we share our experience and expand the understanding of this entity, emphasizing the importance of considering this differential diagnosis and establishing appropriate guidelines for therapeutic decision-making, emphasizing in NTM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.21174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T16:48:17Z","timestamp":1753721297000},"page":"1138-1142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Iatrogenic infection by atypical mycobacteria: a case report of M. phlei infection in an immunocompetent patient simulating breast malignancy"],"prefix":"10.3855","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5920-8263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Salomon","family":"S\u00e1enz de-Le\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4433-6556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rogelio de Jesus","family":"Trevi\u00f1o-Rangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Olvera Calder\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Carrion-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Alberto","family":"Calder\u00f3n D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiram","family":"Villanueva-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2222","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/21174\/3705","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/21174\/3705","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T16:48:18Z","timestamp":1753721298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/view\/21174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"07","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3855\/jidc.21174","relation":{},"ISSN":["1972-2680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1972-2680","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]}}}