{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T02:46:14Z","timestamp":1792118774931,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","issue":"08","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Infect Dev Ctries"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The efficacy of tuberculosis (TB) treatment in Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV) co-infected patients may be compromised by genetic and pharmacokinetic variation in drug disposition. Rifampicin is a critical component of TB treatment. We investigated the influence of drug transporter gene polymorphisms on rifampicin concentrations in TB-HIV co-infected patients in Durban, South Africa. Methodology: Rifampicin concentrations were measured 2.5 hours post-dose (approximated peak, C2.5hr) in patients receiving either 450mg or 600mg rifampicin, randomized to either integrated or sequential antiretroviral treatment. Patients were genotyped for SLCO1B1 (rs4149032) polymorphisms. A mixed effects regression model was fitted to assess the influence of various factors on rifampicin concentrations. TB recurrence rates were also estimated. Results: In 57 patients, median (IQR) C2.5hr was 3.6 (2.8-5.0) \u00b5g\/mL. Polymorphism frequency in the SLCO1B1 (rs4149032) drug transporter gene was high (0.76) and was associated with low median rifampicin C2.5hr, 3.7 (2.8-5.0) \u00b5g\/mL in the heterozygous and 3.4 (2.7-4.7) \u00b5g\/mL in the homozygous variant carriers. Concentrations were also low in males (p &lt; 0.0001) and those with low haemoglobin (p = 0.02). Although reinfection could not be distinguished from reactivation for the 43 patients followed post trial, the incidence of TB recurrence was 7.1 per 100 person-years. Of the eight patients in whom TB recurred, seven had the polymorphism. Conclusion: Approximated peak rifampicin concentrations were well below the recommended target range of 8 to 24 \u03bcg\/mL in this patient population with its high frequency of the SLCO1B1 (rs4149032) polymorphism. Increased rifampicin dosage may be warranted in African, HIV- TB co-infected patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.4696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]],"date-time":"2014-08-12T16:37:03Z","timestamp":1407861423000},"page":"987-993","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Low rifampicin concentrations in tuberculosis patients with HIV infection"],"prefix":"10.3855","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Tanuja Narayansamy","family":"Gengiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia Hillary","family":"Botha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Soowamber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kogieleum","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salim S","family":"Abdool Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2222","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/25116663\/1123","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/25116663\/1123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]],"date-time":"2019-07-04T04:31:33Z","timestamp":1562214693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/view\/25116663"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"08","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3855\/jidc.4696","relation":{},"ISSN":["1972-2680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1972-2680","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]]}}}