{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T11:56:48Z","timestamp":1774612608947,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Journal of Infection in Developing Countries","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Infect Dev Ctries"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Enterobacteriaceae are considered to be emerging pathogens. They are a major problem in hospitalized as well as community-based patients. Major outbreaks involving ESBL strains have been reported from all over the world. Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the risk factors for infection with ESBL-producing E. coli in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. Methodology: Ninety-one E. coli isolates from outpatients with recurrent UTIs were surveyed phenotypically and genotypically for ESBL production and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Results: Of 91 E. coli isolates, 75.8% were resistant to each of cefotaxime and ceftazidime and 74.7% produced ESBLs. CTX-M-type was the most frequent ESBL (accounting for 70.3%), with CTX-M-1 being the only subtype possessed by these isolates. The prevalence of OXA- and SHV-type was 32.9% and 10.9%, respectively. None of the isolates produced TEM \u03b2-lactamase. All OXA-type ESBL were produced concomitantly with CTX-M1. Both ESBL producers and non-producers had high resistance to ampicillin followed by trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, third-generation cephalosporins, and tetracycline. No isolate showed resistance to imipenem and meropenem. In total, resistance rates of ESBL producers were higher than those of ESBL non-producers, as was multidrug resistance (52.7% versus 8.7%, respectively). Conclusions: Our study documented high distribution of ESBLs among E. coli isolates from outpatients with recurrent UTIs, with CTX-M as the predominant ESBL. In the current situation, it is important that antibiotic treatment is be started only after a proper sensitivity report is obtained from the laboratory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.6661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:47:40Z","timestamp":1467334060000},"page":"575-583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Distribution of ESBLs among Escherichia coli isolates from outpatients with recurrent UTIs and their antimicrobial resistance"],"prefix":"10.3855","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sareaa","family":"Al-Mayahie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaafar JH","family":"Al Kuriashy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2222","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/27367005\/1523","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/download\/27367005\/1523","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]],"date-time":"2019-06-26T00:14:23Z","timestamp":1561508063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jidc.org\/index.php\/journal\/article\/view\/27367005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3855\/jidc.6661","relation":{},"ISSN":["1972-2680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1972-2680","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,30]]}}}