{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T16:40:17Z","timestamp":1784565617847,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Scientific Foundation Spiroski (publications)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Open Access Maced J Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>AIM: Used oil is contaminated not only with heavy metals but also with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are insignificant in the unused oil. In our study we determined possible reproductive effects of used engine oil on male rats.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty eight male Wistar rats were used for the study. The rats had average weight of 181.5 \u00c2\u00b1 10 g, animal feeds and portable water was provided ad-libitum. The rats were assigned to 4 groups (n = 7) including control. The treated groups orally received 0.1 ml\/rat, 0.2 ml\/rat and 0.4 ml\/rat of the used engine oil every other day for 28 days using oral canulla. The spermatozoa were collected from epididymis for sperm analysis and testes were removed and preserved in Bouin\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s fluid for routine histological analysis.RESULTS: Our results showed that there was progressive weight increase among the control group of rats that received distilled water. Meanwhile, rats that received 0.4 ml\/rat of the used engine oil showed significant (P &lt; 0.05) weight loss in second and third week of administration while rats that received 0.2 ml\/rat and 0.1 ml\/rat of the used engine oil showed non-significant (P &gt; 0.05) weight reduction. The spermatozoa number was decreased with significance (P &lt; 0.05) at 0.2 ml\/rat (2.38 \u00c2\u00b1 0.29) and 0.4 ml\/rat (1.98 \u00c2\u00b1 0.08) when compared with the control (5.00 \u00c2\u00b1 0.89). However, the percentage of motile sperms was reduced significantly (P &lt;0.05) at 0.2 ml\/rat (52.86 \u00c2\u00b1 3.59) and 0.4 ml\/rat (45.71 \u00c2\u00b1 2.94) except at 0.1 ml\/rat where the reduction (64.00 \u00c2\u00b1 7.5) was not significant (P&gt; 0.05). The percentage of head deformity been 41.43 \u00c2\u00b1 2.61 and 42.00 \u00c2\u00b1 3.74 at 0.2 ml\/rat and 0.4 ml\/rat respectively, also significant increase of middle piece deformity was observed only at 0.1 ml\/rat (45.71 \u00c2\u00b1 2.02) while tail deformity significantly decreased (15.71 \u00c2\u00b1 2.02, 20.00 \u00c2\u00b1 4.36 and 20.00 \u00c2\u00b1 4.47) when compared with the control (30.00 \u00c2\u00b1 1.29). The testicular seminiferous tubules were slightly degenerated with absence of Lumen. The germinal cell layer consisting of necrosis of spermatogonia and interstitial (Leydig) cells with affected Sertoli cells at different maturation stages.CONCLUSION: Hence, it can be said that there is a negative relation between used engine oil and male reproductive parameters. And it can be concluded that used engine oil should be\u00c2\u00a0 prevented from leaking, spilling or improperly discarded as through medium it may enter storm water runoff and eventually affect the environmental health receiving water bodies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2015.035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,15]],"date-time":"2015-03-15T19:35:15Z","timestamp":1426448115000},"page":"46-51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Some Adverse Effects of Used Engine Oil (Common Waste Pollutant) On Reproduction of Male Sprague Dawley Rats"],"prefix":"10.3889","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Wasiu Olalekan","family":"Akintunde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ojo A.","family":"Olugbenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ogundipe O.","family":"Olufemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"52292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"8280","unstructured":"U.S. EPA. National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. Office of Water. Office of Science and Technology. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2004. Posted at: www.epa.gov\/waterscience\/criteria\/nrwqc."},{"key":"8281","unstructured":"ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Used Mineral-based Crankcase Oil. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Atlanta, Georgia, 1997. Posted at: www.atsdr.cdc.gov\/toxprofiles\/tp102.html."},{"key":"8282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pruell RJ, Quinn JG. Accumulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crankcase Oil. Environmental Pollution. 1988; 49(2):87-97.","DOI":"10.1016\/0269-7491(88)90242-4"},{"key":"8283","unstructured":"Kreith F, editor. Handbook of solid waste management. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994."},{"key":"8284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boughton B, Horvath A. Environmental assessment of used oil management methods. 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