{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T01:55:50Z","timestamp":1782006950802,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Scientific Foundation Spiroski (publications)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522627200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Open Access Maced J Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gingival recessions present complex soft tissue pathology, with a multiple aetiology and a high prevalence which increases with age. They are defined as an exposure of the root surface of the teeth as a result of the apical migration of the gingival margin beyond the cementum-enamel junction, causing functional and aesthetic disturbances to the affected individuals. Aiming to ensure complete root coverage and satisfying aesthetic outcomes, a wide range of surgical techniques have been proposed through the decades for the treatment of the gingival recessions. The following literature review attempts to provide a comprehensive, structured and up-to-date summary of the relevant literature regarding these surgical techniques, aiming to emphasise for each technique its indications, its long-term success and predictability, its advantages and disadvantages about each other.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2018.185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,14]],"date-time":"2018-04-14T13:28:48Z","timestamp":1523712528000},"page":"698-708","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Exploring the Gingival Recession Surgical Treatment Modalities: A Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3889","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Mirsad","family":"Shkreta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Atanasovska-Stojanovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blerta","family":"Dollaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zlatanka","family":"Belazelkoska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"52292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"45382","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gorman WJ. 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Journal of Periodontology. 1999; 70(1):30-43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.1999.70.1.30 PMid:10052768","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.1.30"},{"key":"45386","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loe H, Anerud A, Boysen H. The natural history of periodontal disease in man: Prevalence, severity and extent of gingival recession. Journal of Periodontology. 1992; 63:489\u00e2\u20ac\u201c95. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.1992.63.6.489 PMid:1625148","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.6.489"},{"key":"45387","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vehkalahti M. Occurrence of gingival recession in adults. Journal of Periodontology. 1989; 60:599\u00e2\u20ac\u201c603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.1989.60.11.599 PMid:2600746","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1989.60.11.599"},{"key":"45388","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kassab MM, Cohen RE. The aetiology and prevalence of gingival recession. Journal of the American Dental Association. 2003; 134(2):220-5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0137","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0137"},{"key":"45389","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Susin C, Haas AN, Oppermann RV, Haugejorden O, Albandar JM. Gingival recession epidemiology and risk indicators in a representative urban Brazilian population. Journal of Periodontology. 2004; 75:1377\u00e2\u20ac\u201c86. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2004.75.10.1377 PMid:15562916","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.10.1377"},{"key":"45390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al Wahadni A, Linden GJ. Dental hypersensitivity in Jordanian dental attenders. A case control study. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2002; 29:688\u00e2\u20ac\u201c93. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2002.290804.x PMid:12390564","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2002.290804.x"},{"key":"45391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joshipura KJ, Kent RL, DePaola PF. Gingival Recession: Intra-oral distribution and associated factors. Journal of Periodontology. 1994; 65:864\u00e2\u20ac\u201c71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.1994.65.9.864 PMid:7990024","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.9.864"},{"key":"45392","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khocht A, Simon G, Person P, Denepitiya JL. Gingival recession in relation to history of hard tooth brush use. Journal of Periodontology. 1993; 64:900\u00e2\u20ac\u201c5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.1993.64.9.900 PMid:8229627","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1993.64.9.900"},{"key":"45393","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawrence HP, Hunt RJ, Beck JD. Three-year root caries incidence and risk modeling in older adults in North Caroline. Journal of Public Health Dentistry. 1995; 55:69\u00e2\u20ac\u201c78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02335.x PMid:7643330","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02335.x"},{"key":"45394","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DePaola PF, Soparkar PM, Tavares M, Kent RL, Jr. The clinical profiles of individuals with and without root surface caries. Gerodontology. 1989; 8:9\u00e2\u20ac\u201c15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1741-2358.1989.tb00396.x PMid:2640454","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.1989.tb00396.x"},{"key":"45395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leske GS, Ripa LW. Three-year root caries increments: An analysis of teeth and surfaces at risk. Gerodontology. 1989; 8:17\u00e2\u20ac\u201c21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1741-2358.1989.tb00397.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.1989.tb00397.x"},{"key":"45396","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hellyer PH, Beighton D, Heath MR, Lynch EJ. Root caries in older people attending a general dental practice in East Sussex. British Dental Journal. 1990; 169:201\u00e2\u20ac\u201c6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bdj.4807326 PMid:2223292","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4807326"},{"key":"45397","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seichter U. Root surface caries: A critical literature review. Journal of the American Dental Association. 1987; 115:305\u00e2\u20ac\u201c10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14219\/jada.archive.1987.0236 PMid:3305657","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1987.0236"},{"key":"45398","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zucchelli G., Testori T., De Sanctis M. Clinical and anatomical factors limiting treatment outcomes of gingival recession: a new method to predetermine the line of root coverage. 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Journal of Dentistry forChildren. 1964; 31:257\u00e2\u20ac\u201c62."},{"key":"45402","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sangnes G, Gjermo P. Prevalence of oral soft and hard tissue lesions related to mechanical tooth cleaning procedures. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 1976; 4:77\u00e2\u20ac\u201c83. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1976.tb01607.x PMid:1062255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1976.tb01607.x"},{"key":"45403","unstructured":"Trott JR, Love B. An analysis of localized gingival recession in 766 Winnipeg high school students. Dental Practitioner and Dental Record. 1966; 16:209\u00e2\u20ac\u201c13. PMid:5218030"},{"key":"45404","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sangnes G. Traumatization of teeth and gingiva related to habitual tooth cleaning procedures. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 1976; 3:94\u00e2\u20ac\u201c103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1976.tb01855.x PMid:1064598","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1976.tb01855.x"},{"key":"45405","unstructured":"Iwakami K, Watanabe Y. Gingival response by the effect of brushing method and hardness of the toothbrush bristle. Journal of Meikai University School of Dentistry. 1989; 18:244\u00e2\u20ac\u201c66. PMid:2489671"},{"key":"45406","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wennstrom JL. Mucogingival therapy. Annals of Periodontology. 1996; 1(1):671\u00e2\u20ac\u201c701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/annals.1996.1.1.671 PMid:9118276","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1996.1.1.671"},{"key":"45407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tugnait A, Clerehugh V. Gingival recession\u00e2\u20ac\u201c its significance and management. 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Evaluation of human recession defects treated with coronally advanced flaps and either enamel matrix derivative or connective tissue. Part 2: Histological evaluation. Journal of Periodontology. 2003; 74:1126\u00e2\u20ac\u201c35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2003.74.8.1126 PMid:14514225","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.8.1126"},{"key":"45427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Modica F, Del Pizzo M, Roccuzzo M, Romagnoli R.Coronally advanced flap for the treatment of buccal gingival recessions with and without enamel matrix derivative. A split-mouth study. Journal of Periodontology. 2000; 71(11):1693-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1902\/jop.2000.71.11.1693 PMid:11128916","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.11.1693"},{"key":"45428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pini Prato G, Tinti C, Vincenzi G, Magnani C, Cortellini P, Clauser C.Guided tissue regeneration versus mucogingival surgery in the treatment of human buccal gingival recession. 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