{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T04:59:19Z","timestamp":1784091559499,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Scientific Foundation Spiroski (publications)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]],"date-time":"2019-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548633600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Open Access Maced J Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Chronic urticaria, a mast cell-driven condition, is common, debilitating and hard to treat. H1-antihistamines are the first line treatment of chronic urticaria, but often patients do not get satisfactory relief with the recommended dose. European guidelines recommend increased antihistamine doses up to four-fold.\r\nAIM: We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of increased H1-antihistamine doses up to two-fold in Vietnamese chronic urticaria patients.\r\nMETHODS: One hundred and two patients with chronic urticaria were recruited for treatment with levocetirizine (n = 52) or fexofenadine (n = 50). Treatment started at the conventional daily dose of 5 mg levocetirizine or 180 mg fexofenadine for 2 weeks and then increased to 10 mg levocetirizine or 360 mg fexofenadine for 2 weeks if patients did not have an improvement in symptoms. At week 0, week 2 and week 4 wheal, pruritus, size of the wheal, total symptom scores, and associated side-effects were assessed.\r\nRESULTS: With the conventional dose, the total symptom scores after week 2 decreased significantly in both groups compared to baseline figures, i.e. 7.4 vs 2.3 for levocetirizine group and 8.0 vs 2.6 for fexofenadine group (p &lt; 0.05). However, there were still 26 patients in each group who did not have improvements. Of these 26 patients, after having a two-fold increase of the conventional dose, 11.5% and 38.5% became symptom-free at week 4 in levocetirizine group and fexofenadine group, respectively. At week 4 in both groups, the total symptom scores had significantly decreased when compared with those at week 2 (2.8 \u00c2\u00b1 1.5 versus 4.7 \u00c2\u00b1 1.6 in levocetirizine group; 2.1 \u00c2\u00b1 1.9 versus 5.1 \u00c2\u00b1 1.4 in fexofenadine group). In both groups, there was no difference in the rate of negative side effects between the conventional dose and the double dose.\r\nCONCLUSION: This study showed that increasing the dosages of levocetirizine and fexofenadine by two-fold improved chronic urticaria symptoms without increasing the rate of negative side effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T08:43:08Z","timestamp":1548751388000},"page":"259-263","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Efficacy of a Two-Fold Increase of H1-Antihistamine in the Treatment of Chronic Urticaria - the Vietnamese Experience"],"prefix":"10.3889","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Huyen","family":"Tran Thi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan Pham","family":"Thi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuong","family":"Nguyen Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuong Pham","family":"Thi Minh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Nguyen Trong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tro","family":"Chau Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sau","family":"Nguyen Huu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trang","family":"Trinh Minh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nghi","family":"Dinh Huu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam","family":"Hoang Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Tran","family":"Cam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"My","family":"Le Huyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khang","family":"Tran Hau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuy Nguyen","family":"Thanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuong Hoang","family":"Thi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linh Nguyen","family":"Thuy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Gandolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Satolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Feliciani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Tirant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Vojvodic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torello","family":"Lotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"52292","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"62362","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiley J, Sons A. EAACI\/GA2LEN\/EDF\/WAO guideline: management of urticaria. Allergy, 64, 1427-1443. Zuberbier T. et al. (2018). The EAACI\/GA2LEN\/EDF\/WAO guideline for the definition, classification, diagnosis and management of urticaria. Allergy. 2009; 73(7):1393-1414.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.02178.x"},{"key":"62363","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asero R. Chronic idiopathic urticaria: a family study. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 2002; 89(2):195-6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61937-0","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61937-0"},{"key":"62364","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fusari A, Colangelo C, Bonifazi F, Antonicelli L. The autologous serum skin test in the follow\u00e2\u20ac\u0090up of patients with chronic urticaria. Allergy. 2005; 60(2):256-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00673.x PMid:15647050","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00673.x"},{"key":"62365","unstructured":"Mahesh PA, Kushalappa PA, Holla AD, et al. House dust mite sensitivity is a factor in chronic urticaria. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2004; 14(1):50-54."},{"key":"62366","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O'Donnell BF, Lawlor F, Simpson J, Morgan M, Greaves MW. The impact of chronic urticaria on the quality of life. British Journal of Dermatology. 1997; 136(2):197-201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1997.tb14895.x PMid:9068731","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1997.tb14895.x"},{"key":"62367","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grob JJ, Auquier P, Dreyfus I, Ortonne JP. How to prescribe antihistamines for chronic idiopathic urticaria: desloratadine daily vs PRN and quality of life. Allergy. 2009; 64(4):605-12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01913.x PMid:19133920","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2008.01913.x"},{"key":"62368","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weller K, Ardelean E, Scholz E, Martus P, Zuberbier T, Maurer M. Can on-demand non-sedating antihistamines improve urticaria symptoms? A double-blind, randomized, single-dose study. Acta dermato-venereologica. 2013; 93(2):168-74. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/00015555-1434 PMid:23053062","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1434"},{"key":"62369","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chow SK. Management of chronic urticaria in Asia: 2010 AADV consensus guidelines. Asia Pacific Allergy. 2012; 2(2):149-60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5415\/apallergy.2012.2.2.149 PMid:22701866 PMCid:PMC3345329","DOI":"10.5415\/apallergy.2012.2.2.149"},{"key":"62370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Godse KV. Urticaria meter. Indian J Dermatol. 2012; 57(5):410-411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5154.100510 PMid:23112370 PMCid:PMC3482813","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.100510"},{"key":"62371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zuberbier T, Bindslev\u00e2\u20ac\u0090Jensen C, Canonica W, Grattan CE, Greaves MW, Henz BM, Kapp A, Kozel MM, Maurer M, Merk HF, Sch\u00c3\u00a4fer T. EAACI\/GA2LEN\/EDF guideline: management of urticaria. Allergy. 2006; 61(3):321-31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00962.x PMid:16436141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2005.00962.x"},{"key":"62372","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Humphreys FF, Hunter JA. The characteristic of urticaria in 390 patients. Br J Dermatol. 1998 ; 138:635-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02175.x","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02175.x"},{"key":"62373","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Staevska M., Popov T., Kralimarkova T, et al. The effectiveness of antihistamines in up to four-times conventional doses in difficult-to-treat urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010; 125:676-82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.11.047 PMid:20226302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.11.047"},{"key":"62374","unstructured":"J\u00c3\u00a1uregui I, Ferrer M, Montoro J, D\u00c3\u00a1vila I, Bartra J, del Cuvillo A, Mullol J, Sastre J, Valero A. Antihistamines in the treatment of chronic urticaria. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2007; 17(Suppl 2):41-52. PMid:18228682"},{"key":"62375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Potter PC, Kapp A, Maurer M, Guillet G, Jian AM, Hauptmann P, Finlay AY. Comparison of the efficacy of levocetirizine 5 mg and desloratadine 5 mg in chronic idiopathic urticaria patients. 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