{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:59:16Z","timestamp":1792807156893,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Spandidos Publications","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Ther Med"],"DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T08:38:20Z","timestamp":1633941500000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Uveal melanoma diagnosis and current treatment options (Review)"],"prefix":"10.3892","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Branisteanu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, \u2018Grigore T. Popa\u2019 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Bogdanici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, \u2018Grigore T. Popa\u2019 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daciana","family":"Branisteanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, \u2018Grigore T. Popa\u2019 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minela","family":"Maranduca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, \u2018Grigore T. Popa\u2019 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihail","family":"Zemba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, \u2018Carol Davila\u2019 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Balta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, \u2018Carol Davila\u2019 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Branisteanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u2018Grigore T. Popa\u2019 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreea","family":"Moraru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, \u2018Grigore T. Popa\u2019 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2249","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20220302130956_b1-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.208","article-title":"Metastasis of uveal melanoma millimeter-by-millimeter in 8033 consecutive eyes","volume":"127","author":"Shields","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b2-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4183","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2019.10071","article-title":"Synthesis and physiological implications of melanic pigments","volume":"17","author":"Maranduca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b3-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.01.040","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: Trends in incidence, treatment, and survival","volume":"118","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b4-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.01.032","article-title":"Incidence of uveal melanoma in Europe","volume":"114","author":"Virgili","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b5-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.05.034","article-title":"Population-based incidence of uveal melanoma in various races and ethnic groups","volume":"140","author":"Hu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"16367","key":"key20220302130956_b6-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73534-x","article-title":"Clinical features and survival outcomes of ocular melanoma in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort","volume":"10","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b7-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1177\/112067219600600423","article-title":"Dysplastic nevi are a risk factor for uveal melanoma","volume":"6","author":"Hammer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b8-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.129","article-title":"Association of ocular and oculodermal melanocytosis with the rate of uveal melanoma metastasis: Analysis of 7872 consecutive eyes","volume":"131","author":"Shields","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b9-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.151","article-title":"Choroidal nevus transformation into melanoma: Analysis of 2514 consecutive cases","volume":"127","author":"Shields","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b10-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.04.020","article-title":"Intermittent and chronic ultraviolet light exposure and uveal melanoma: A meta-analysis","volume":"112","author":"Shah","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b11-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194472","article-title":"Frequent mutation of BAP1 in metastasizing uveal melanomas","volume":"330","author":"Harbour","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b12-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07586","article-title":"Frequent somatic mutations of GNAQ in uveal melanoma and blue naevi","volume":"457","author":"Van Raamsdonk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b13-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4624","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6614","article-title":"Deep sequencing of uveal melanoma identifies a recurrent mutation in PLCB4","volume":"7","author":"Johansson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b14-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3549","article-title":"Recurrent activating mutations of G-protein-coupled receptor CYSLTR2 in uveal melanoma","volume":"48","author":"Moore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b15-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-1460","article-title":"Concurrent loss of chromosome arm 1p and chromosome 3 predicts a decreased disease-free survival in uveal melanoma patients","volume":"46","author":"Kilic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b16-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.7.848","article-title":"Primary iris melanoma: Diagnostic features and outcome of conservative surgical treatment","volume":"85","author":"Conway","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b17-ETM-0-0-10863","author":"Kivel\u00e4"},{"issue":"8766","key":"key20220302130956_b18-ETM-0-0-10863","article-title":"Iris Melanoma: Management and prognosis","volume":"10","author":"Russo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b19-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.275","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: Relatively rare but deadly cancer","volume":"31","author":"Kaliki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b20-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1990.01070110084030","article-title":"Accuracy of diagnosis of choroidal melanomas in the collaborative ocular melanoma study. COMS report no. 1","volume":"108","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b21-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.5858\/133.8.1197","article-title":"The 7th edition AJCC staging system for eye cancer: An international language for ophthalmic oncology","volume":"133","author":"Finger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b22-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-620X.94718","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma","volume":"5","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oman J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b23-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.02.017","article-title":"Collaborative ocular oncology group report number 1: Prospective validation of a multi-gene prognostic assay in uveal melanoma","volume":"119","author":"Onken","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b24-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2010.090220","article-title":"An accurate, clinically feasible multi-gene expression assay for predicting metastasis in uveal melanoma","volume":"12","author":"Onken","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Mol Diagn"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b25-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(98)00040-3","article-title":"Histopathologic characteristics of uveal melanomas in eyes enucleated from the collaborative ocular melanoma study. COMS report no. 6","volume":"125","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b26-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000041","article-title":"Choroidal melanoma: Clinical features, classification, and top 10 pseudomelanomas","volume":"25","author":"Shields","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b27-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.12.1639","article-title":"Development of metastatic disease after enrollment in the COMS trials for treatment of choroidal melanoma: Collaborative ocular melanoma study group report No","volume":"123","author":"Diener-West","year":"2005","journal-title":"26. Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b28-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S89591","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: Epidemiology, etiology, and treatment of primary disease","volume":"11","author":"Krantz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b29-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.154367","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: Estimating prognosis","volume":"63","author":"Kaliki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b30-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s40487-018-0056-8","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: A review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol Ther"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b31-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-6420(88)33022-8","article-title":"Natural course of melanocytic tumors of the iris","volume":"95","author":"Territo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b32-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.09.042","article-title":"Iris nevus growth into melanoma: Analysis of 1611 consecutive eyes: The ABCDEF guide","volume":"120","author":"Shields","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b33-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.116.5.645","article-title":"Choroidal nevi in a white population: The blue mountains eye study","volume":"116","author":"Sumich","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b34-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2005.06.011","article-title":"Estimating the risk of malignant transformation of a choroidal nevus","volume":"112","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b35-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.3.360","article-title":"Combination of clinical factors predictive of growth of small choroidal melanocytic tumors","volume":"118","author":"Shields","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b36-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.77","article-title":"Age, survival predictors, and metastatic death in patients with choroidal melanoma: Tentative evidence of a therapeutic effect on survival","volume":"132","author":"Damato","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b37-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(02)02270-5","article-title":"Mortality after deferral of treatment or no treatment for choroidal melanoma","volume":"136","author":"Straatsma","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"24","key":"key20220302130956_b38-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0158-0","article-title":"Uveal melanoma","volume":"6","author":"Jager","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b39-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2003.029058","article-title":"The Zimmerman-McLean-Foster hypothesis: 25 years later","volume":"88","author":"Singh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b40-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(98)00039-7","article-title":"The collaborative ocular melanoma study (COMS) randomized trial of pre-enucleation radiation of large choroidal melanoma II: Initial mortality findings. COMS report no. 10","volume":"125","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b41-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.124.12.1684","article-title":"The COMS randomized trial of iodine 125 brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma: V. Twelve-year mortality rates and prognostic factors: COMS report No. 28","volume":"124","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b42-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.74","article-title":"The surgical approach to the management of anterior uveal melanomas","volume":"28","author":"Rospond-Kubiak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b43-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/s0161-6420(91)32194-8","article-title":"Partial lamellar sclerouvectomy for ciliary body and choroidal tumors","volume":"98","author":"Shields","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b44-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.03.036","article-title":"Endoresection versus iodine-125 plaque brachytherapy for the treatment of choroidal melanoma","volume":"156","author":"Caminal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b45-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307076","article-title":"Endoresection of large uveal melanomas: Clinical results in a consecutive series of 200 cases","volume":"101","author":"Biewald","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b46-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e727","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13306","article-title":"Endoresection with adjuvant ruthenium brachytherapy for selected uveal melanoma patients-the Tuebingen experience","volume":"95","author":"S\u00fcsskind","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b47-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S129645","article-title":"Brachytherapy for patients with uveal melanoma: Historical perspectives and future treatment directions","volume":"12","author":"Brewington","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b48-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.22608\/APO.201734","article-title":"Uveal melanoma treatment and prognostication","volume":"6","author":"Dogrus\u00f6z","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b49-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.3747\/co.23.2859","article-title":"Management of uveal melanoma: A consensus-based provincial clinical practice guideline","volume":"23","author":"Weis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"key20220302130956_b50-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2021.5190","article-title":"Current molecular and clinical insights into uveal melanoma (review)","volume":"58","author":"Fallico","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b51-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-302490","article-title":"Local treatment failure after globe-conserving therapy for choroidal melanoma","volume":"97","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b52-ETM-0-0-10863","first-page":"1054","article-title":"Double irradiation for macroscopic radioresistance or recurrence of melanomas of the posterior uvea: Clinical, ballistic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects. Series of 19 cases among 462 patients","volume":"22","author":"Grange","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"issue":"11297","key":"key20220302130956_b53-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68232-7","article-title":"Forty-year prognosis after plaque brachytherapy of uveal melanoma","volume":"10","author":"St\u00e5lhammar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b54-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-316873","article-title":"Small choroidal melanoma: Outcomes following apical height dose brachytherapy","volume":"105","author":"Yupari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b55-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.09.028","article-title":"Iris and anterior chamber angle neovascularization after iodine 125 brachytherapy for uveal melanoma","volume":"112","author":"Detorakis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b56-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.153429","article-title":"Stereotactic radiotherapy for treatment of juxtapapillary choroidal melanoma: 3-year follow-up","volume":"93","author":"Krema","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b57-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2020.08.007","article-title":"Treatment of radiation maculopathy and radiation-induced macular edema: A systematic review","volume":"66","author":"Fallico","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"325","key":"key20220302130956_b58-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-014-0325-2","article-title":"In search of a treatment for radiation-induced optic neuropathy","volume":"17","author":"Indaram","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Neurol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b59-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12012","article-title":"Novel 3D conformal technique for treatment of choroidal melanoma with external beam photon radiotherapy","volume":"57","author":"Phillips","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b60-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2016.01.034","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of proton radiotherapy for uveal melanoma","volume":"28","author":"Verma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b61-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90455-4","article-title":"Risk factors for radiation maculopathy and papillopathy after intraocular irradiation","volume":"106","author":"Gragoudas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b62-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4666","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0659","article-title":"Proton beam irradiation of uveal melanomas: The first 30 years","volume":"47","author":"Gragoudas","year":"2006","journal-title":"The weisenfeld lecture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b63-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.3805","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after proton beam irradiation in patients with large choroidal melanomas","volume":"135","author":"Papakostas","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b64-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30459-9","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery for uveal melanomas and metastases: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Parker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b65-ETM-0-0-10863","first-page":"416","article-title":"Treatment of malignant melanomas of the choroid by photocoagulation","volume":"97","author":"Meyer Schwickerath","year":"1977","journal-title":"Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b66-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02144128","article-title":"Low-energy long-exposure laser therapy in the management of choroidal melanoma","volume":"224","author":"Foulds","year":"1986","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b67-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.09.029","article-title":"Primary transpupillary thermotherapy for choroidal melanoma in 391 cases: Importance of risk factors in tumor control","volume":"122","author":"Mashayekhi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b68-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-011-1733-6","article-title":"Primary transpupillary thermotherapy for small choroidal melanoma","volume":"249","author":"Chojniak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b69-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002169","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy as primary treatment for small choroidal melanoma","volume":"39","author":"Turkoglu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b70-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2020.09.006","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for choroidal melanoma: What is the response rate?","volume":"66","author":"Yordi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b71-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.08.194","article-title":"Screening for metastasis from choroidal melanoma: the collaborative ocular melanoma study group report 23","volume":"22","author":"Diener-West","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b72-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4651","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0538","article-title":"Very long-term prognosis of patients with malignant uveal melanoma","volume":"44","author":"Kujala","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b73-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2011.05.003","article-title":"Estimating prognosis for survival after treatment of choroidal melanoma","volume":"30","author":"Damato","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b74-ETM-0-0-10863","first-page":"77","article-title":"Psycho-oncology support","volume":"10","author":"Rebegea","year":"2019","journal-title":"BRAIN"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b75-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/00001813-200306000-00002","article-title":"Treosulfan and gemcitabine in metastatic uveal melanoma patients: Results of a multicenter feasibility study","volume":"14","author":"Pf\u00f6hler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"issue":"214","key":"key20220302130956_b76-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2020.9344","article-title":"Endurance of erythrocyte series in chemotherapy","volume":"20","author":"S\u0103ftescu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b77-ETM-0-0-10863","first-page":"201","article-title":"BOLD+interferon in the treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma: First report of active systemic therapy","volume":"16","author":"Nathan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b78-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28903","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.25627","article-title":"Real world experience in low-dose ipilimumab in combination with PD-1 blockade in advanced melanoma patients","volume":"9","author":"Kirchberger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b79-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.00605","article-title":"Nivolumab and ipilimumab in metastatic uveal melanoma: Results from a single-arm phase II study","volume":"39","author":"Pelster","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b80-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4170","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2019.9933","article-title":"Molecular and cellular stratagem of brain metastases associated with melanoma (review)","volume":"17","author":"Buga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"issue":"78","key":"key20220302130956_b81-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2020.9510","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study of CD117 in various cutaneous melanocytic lesions","volume":"21","author":"Radu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"issue":"e000331","key":"key20220302130956_b82-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2019-000331","article-title":"Ipilimumab plus nivolumab for patients with metastatic uveal melanoma: A multicenter, retrospective study","volume":"8","author":"Najjar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b83-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2016-309034","article-title":"Metastatic disease from uveal melanoma: Treatment options and future prospects","volume":"101","author":"Carvajal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9030","key":"key20220302130956_b84-ETM-0-0-10863","article-title":"Phase I dose-escalation study of the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor AEB071 in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma","volume":"32 (Suppl 15)","author":"Piperno-Neumann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b85-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt585","article-title":"Hepatic intra-arterial versus intravenous fotemustine in patients with liver metastases from uveal melanoma (EORTC 18021): A multicentric randomized trial","volume":"25","author":"Leyvraz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2761","key":"key20220302130956_b86-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12102761","article-title":"Molecular insights and emerging strategies for treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma","volume":"12","author":"Mallone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b87-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2006.11.019","article-title":"Hepatic arterial Fotemustine chemotherapy in patients with liver metastases from cutaneous melanoma is as effective as in ocular melanoma","volume":"33","author":"Siegel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b88-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.14001","article-title":"Uveal melanoma metastatic to the liver: Chemoembolization with 1,3-Bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea","volume":"205","author":"Gonsalves","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"31","key":"key20220302130956_b89-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-019-0218-4","article-title":"Chemosaturation with percutaneous hepatic perfusion of melphalan for liver-dominant metastatic uveal melanoma: A single center experience","volume":"19","author":"Artzner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b90-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2009.02.016","article-title":"Surgical management of liver metastases from uveal melanoma: 16 years' experience at the Institut Curie","volume":"35","author":"Mariani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b91-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-016-1336-z","article-title":"Stereotactic radiofrequency ablation for metastatic melanoma to the liver","volume":"39","author":"Bale","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"key20220302130956_b92-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019190199","article-title":"A prospective phase II trial of radioembolization for treatment of uveal melanoma hepatic metastasis","volume":"293","author":"Gonsalves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2557","key":"key20220302130956_b93-ETM-0-0-10863","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12092557","article-title":"Treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma: Systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Rodriguez-Vidal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"}],"container-title":["Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T06:10:33Z","timestamp":1646201433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/etm.2021.10863"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2021.10863","relation":{},"ISSN":["1792-0981","1792-1015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1792-0981","type":"print"},{"value":"1792-1015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"article-number":"1428"}}