{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T14:08:01Z","timestamp":1785247681569,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Spandidos Publications","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Ther Med"],"DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2025.13012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T06:52:53Z","timestamp":1762411973000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Leucine supplementation modulates lipid metabolism and metabolic pathways in mice with type 1 diabetes: A metabolomics study"],"prefix":"10.3892","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jeng-Yuan","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Province University, Xiamen, Fujian 361023, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"De-Tian-Yu","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361023, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai-Hong","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361023, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gong-Man","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361023, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian-Ni","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361023, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru-Yu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361023, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2249","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20251229141302_b1-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60591-7","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes","volume":"383","author":"Atkinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b2-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2010.05.011","article-title":"Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes","volume":"39","author":"Maahs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b3-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-1720","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease: A scientific statement from the American heart association and American diabetes association","volume":"37","author":"de Ferranti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b4-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00045.2011","article-title":"Mechanisms of diabetic complications","volume":"93","author":"Forbes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b5-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00218-2","article-title":"Global incidence, prevalence, and mortality of type 1 diabetes in 2021 with projection to 2040: A modelling study","volume":"10","author":"Gregory","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b6-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000551","article-title":"Lipid management for cardiovascular risk reduction in type 1 diabetes","volume":"27","author":"Tell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b7-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23606","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in male but not female patients with hypertension","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b8-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.110.959247","article-title":"A meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B as markers of cardiovascular risk","volume":"4","author":"Sniderman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b9-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4274\/balkanmedj.galenos.2023.2022-8-61","article-title":"TDAG51 attenuates impaired lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus through SREBP-1\/ANGPTL8 pathway","volume":"40","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Balkan Med J"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b10-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.20945\/2359-3997000000599","article-title":"Body adiposity markers and insulin resistance in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"67","author":"Marques","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b11-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199927060-00001","article-title":"Leucine supplementation and intensive training","volume":"27","author":"Mero","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b12-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.017","article-title":"mTOR signaling in growth control and disease","volume":"149","author":"Laplante","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b13-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960-9822(02)01077-1","article-title":"Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase leads to the phosphorylation of elongation factor 2 and an inhibition of protein synthesis","volume":"12","author":"Horman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b14-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0123","article-title":"Increasing dietary leucine intake reduces diet-induced obesity and improves glucose and cholesterol metabolism in mice via multimechanisms","volume":"56","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1299","key":"key20251229141302_b15-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051299","article-title":"Leucine supplementation: A novel strategy for modulating lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b16-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9727","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202000195R","article-title":"The branched-chain amino acids valine and leucine have differential effects on hepatic lipid metabolism","volume":"34","author":"Bishop","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b17-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677213489548","article-title":"Streptozotocin is equally diabetogenic whether administered to fed or fasted mice","volume":"47","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lab Anim"},{"issue":"31304","key":"key20251229141302_b18-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/fnr.v60.31304","article-title":"Chronic leucine supplementation improves lipid metabolism in C57BL\/6J mice fed with a high-fat\/cholesterol diet","volume":"60","author":"Jiao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Nutr Res"},{"issue":"3683","key":"key20251229141302_b19-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20153683","article-title":"Arachidonic acid metabolism and kidney inflammation","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"121","key":"key20251229141302_b20-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-015-0123-1","article-title":"The role of fatty acids in insulin resistance","volume":"14","author":"Sears","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b21-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1056","article-title":"Retinoids: Potent regulators of metabolism","volume":"39","author":"Brun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biofactors"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b22-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-008-8022-5","article-title":"Perturbed autonomic nervous system function in metabolic syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Tentolouris","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuromolecular Med"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b23-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-015-3525-8","article-title":"Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidaemia: Where are we?","volume":"58","author":"Verg\u00e8s","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b24-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2019.10.017","article-title":"Leucine increases mitochondrial metabolism and lipid content without altering insulin signaling in myotubes","volume":"168","author":"Rivera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b25-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S82338","article-title":"Interaction between leucine and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition in modulating insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism","volume":"8","author":"Fu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b26-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-022-03221-w","article-title":"Leucine ingestion promotes mTOR translocation to the periphery and enhances total and peripheral RPS6 phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle","volume":"55","author":"Holowaty","year":"2023","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b27-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.01.029","article-title":"New insight into the understanding of muscle glycolysis: Sestrins, key pivotal proteins integrating glucose and leucine to control mTOR activation","volume":"153","author":"Azzout-Marniche","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b28-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1039\/d1fo04082k","article-title":"Leucine supplementation during late gestation globally alters placental metabolism and nutrient transport via modulation of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway in sows","volume":"13","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"issue":"7285851","key":"key20251229141302_b29-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7285851","article-title":"Dietary leucine supplementation improves muscle fiber growth and development by activating AMPK\/Sirt1 pathway in blunt snout bream (megalobrama amblycephala)","volume":"2022","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquac Nutr"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b30-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20190754","article-title":"Leucine and branched-chain amino acid metabolism contribute to the growth of bone sarcomas by regulating AMPK and mTORC1 signaling","volume":"477","author":"Martin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b31-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.13146","article-title":"Leucine regulates slow-twitch muscle fibers expression and mitochondrial function by Sirt1\/AMPK signaling in porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells","volume":"90","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anim Sci J"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b32-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.95","article-title":"AMPK: Guardian of metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis","volume":"19","author":"Herzig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b33-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2023.43.3.237","article-title":"Associations of LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B with cardiovascular disease occurrence in adults: Korean genome and epidemiology study","volume":"43","author":"Yun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Lab Med"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b34-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.171","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acids in metabolic signalling and insulin resistance","volume":"10","author":"Lynch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"key20251229141302_b35-ETM-31-1-13012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2012.00087.x","article-title":"Circulating branched-chain amino acid concentrations are associated with obesity and future insulin resistance in children and adolescents","volume":"8","author":"McCormack","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"}],"container-title":["Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T12:13:06Z","timestamp":1767010386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/etm.2025.13012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/etm.2025.13012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1792-0981","1792-1015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1792-0981","type":"print"},{"value":"1792-1015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]}}}