{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T11:03:14Z","timestamp":1787655794894,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Spandidos Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]],"date-time":"2013-06-14T12:51:22Z","timestamp":1371214282000},"page":"523-531","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The role of ghrelin in patients with functional dyspepsia and its potential clinical relevance (Review)"],"prefix":"10.3892","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"TAKAKAZU","family":"YAGI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AKIHIRO","family":"ASAKAWA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HIROTAKA","family":"UEDA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SHOUICHI","family":"MIYAWAKI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AKIO","family":"INUI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2249","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20180107225759_b1-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.059","article-title":"Functional gastroduodenal disorders","volume":"130","author":"Tack","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b2-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-008-2167-8","article-title":"Functional dyspepsia: past, present, and future","volume":"43","author":"Geeraerts","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b3-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.66","article-title":"Gastroduodenal disorders","volume":"105","author":"Tack","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b4-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1038\/45230","article-title":"Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach","volume":"402","author":"Kojima","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b5-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5014","article-title":"Structural similarity of ghrelin derivatives to peptidyl growth hormone secretagogues","volume":"284","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b6-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3697","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.8.8433","article-title":"Organization of the mouse ghrelin gene and promoter: occurrence of a short noncoding first exon","volume":"142","author":"Tanaka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b7-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.4039","article-title":"Ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin: two major forms of rat ghrelin peptide in gastrointestinal tissue","volume":"279","author":"Hosoda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b8-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.109.001958","article-title":"Ghrelin gene products and the regulation of food intake and gut motility","volume":"61","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b9-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22158","article-title":"Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulatory signal from stomach with structural resemblance to motilin","volume":"120","author":"Asakawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b10-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/35051587","article-title":"A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding","volume":"409","author":"Nakazato","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b11-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4325","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.11.7873","article-title":"The novel hypothalamic peptide ghrelin stimulates food intake and growth hormone secretion","volume":"141","author":"Wren","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b12-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/35086018","article-title":"Ghrelin: an orexigenic and somatotrophic signal from the stomach","volume":"2","author":"Inui","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b13-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1159\/000322338","article-title":"Modulation of ghrelin O-acyltransferase expression in pancreatic islets","volume":"26","author":"An","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b14-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.069088","article-title":"Ghrelin enhances gastric emptying in diabetic gastroparesis: a double blind, placebo controlled, crossover study","volume":"54","author":"Murray","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b15-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02658.x","article-title":"Influence of ghrelin on gastric emptying and meal-related symptoms in idiopathic gastroparesis","volume":"22","author":"Tack","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b16-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.060426","article-title":"Influence of ghrelin on interdigestive gastrointestinal motility in humans","volume":"55","author":"Tack","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b17-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.00031.x","article-title":"Intravenous ghrelin administration enhances gastric acid secretion - evaluation using wireless pH capsule","volume":"24","author":"Mori","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b18-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3568","article-title":"Ghrelin stimulates gastric acid secretion and motility in rats","volume":"276","author":"Masuda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b19-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2009.10.008","article-title":"Ghrelin in the regulation of body weight and metabolism","volume":"31","author":"Castaneda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b20-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963501","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/963501","article-title":"Update on ghrelin","volume":"2010","author":"Fetissov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Pept"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b21-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1159\/000054680","article-title":"A role of ghrelin in neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stress in mice","volume":"74","author":"Asakawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b22-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.K09E-168","article-title":"Ghrelin increases hunger and food intake in patients with restricting-type anorexia nervosa: a pilot study","volume":"56","author":"Hotta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b23-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.02031.x","article-title":"Effects of ghrelin treatment on patients undergoing total hip replacement for osteoarthritis: different outcomes from studies in patients with cardiac and pulmonary cachexia","volume":"56","author":"Akamizu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b24-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35708","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035708","article-title":"Ghrelin treatment of cachectic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Miki","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b25-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0768","article-title":"Repeated administration of ghrelin to patients with functional dyspepsia: its effects on food intake and appetite","volume":"158","author":"Akamizu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b26-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04567.x","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial: ghrelin agonist TZP-101 relieves gastroparesis associated with severe nausea and vomiting - randomised clinical study subset data","volume":"33","author":"Wo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b27-ijmm-32-03-0523","first-page":"237","article-title":"Rome III: New standard for functional gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"15","author":"Drossman","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gastrointestin Liver Dis"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b28-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-012-0625-9","article-title":"Why dyspepsia can occur without organic disease: pathogenesis and management of functional dyspepsia","volume":"47","author":"Miwa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b29-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464e217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01872.x","article-title":"Life style in persons with functional gastrointestinal disorders - large-scale internet survey of lifestyle in Japan","volume":"24","author":"Miwa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b30-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(99)00032-X","article-title":"Neurotic butterflies in my stomach: the role of anxiety, anxiety sensitivity and depression in functional gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"47","author":"Norton","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b31-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2010.01609.x","article-title":"Gastrointestinal hormonal dysfunction in gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia","volume":"22","author":"Khoo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b32-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018803129779","article-title":"Disturbed solid-phase gastric emptying in functional dyspepsia: a meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Quartero","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b33-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2008.01178.x","article-title":"Influence of abuse history on gastric sensorimotor function in functional dyspepsia","volume":"21","author":"Geeraerts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b34-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.01.006","article-title":"G-protein beta 3 subunit 825 CC genotype is associated with unexplained (functional) dyspepsia","volume":"126","author":"Holtmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b35-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-12-88","article-title":"Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism may be associated with functional dyspepsia in a Japanese population","volume":"12","author":"Toyoshima","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med Genet"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b36-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.04.012","article-title":"Dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome after a Salmonella gastroenteritis outbreak: one-year follow-up cohort study","volume":"129","author":"Mearin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b37-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.03.008","article-title":"The functional gastrointestinal disorders and the Rome III process","volume":"130","author":"Drossman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b38-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.8.1192","article-title":"Systematic review of the epidemiological evidence on Helicobacter pylori infection and nonulcer or uninvestigated dyspepsia","volume":"160","author":"Danesh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b39-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2001.02454.x","article-title":"Prevalence of functional dyspepsia and its relationship with Helicobacter pylori infection in a Japanese population","volume":"16","author":"Kawamura","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b40-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.1.55","article-title":"Gastric accommodation in non-ulcer dyspepsia and the roles of Helicobacter pylori infection and vagal function","volume":"44","author":"Thumshirn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b41-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1023\/B:DDAS.0000007856.71462.6c","article-title":"Symptom patterns and pathophysiological mechanisms in dyspeptic patients with and without Helicobacter pylori","volume":"48","author":"Sarnelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b42-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.90","article-title":"The role of Acid in functional dyspepsia","volume":"106","author":"Savarino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b43-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2007.00520.x","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis from Chinese literature: the association between Helicobacter pylori eradication and improvement of functional dyspepsia","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b44-ijmm-32-03-0523","first-page":"CD002096","article-title":"Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for non-ulcer dyspepsia","volume":"2006","author":"Moayyedi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b45-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.541","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori eradication for functional dyspepsia: what are we treating?: comment on \u2018Helicobacter pylori eradication in functional dyspepsia\u2019","volume":"171","author":"Moayyedi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b46-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.9","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection in functional dyspepsia","volume":"10","author":"Suzuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b47-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2011.17.4.366","article-title":"Should we still subcategorize Helicobacter pylori-associated dyspepsia as functional disease?","volume":"17","author":"Sugano","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b48-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.27180","article-title":"Symptoms associated with hypersensitivity to gastric distention in functional dyspepsia","volume":"121","author":"Tack","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b49-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05932.x","article-title":"Abnormal distribution of the interstitial cells of cajal in an adult patient with pseudo-obstruction and megaduodenum","volume":"97","author":"Boeckxstaens","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b50-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005550019308","article-title":"Evaluation of individual symptoms cannot predict presence of gastric hypersensitivity in functional dyspepsia","volume":"45","author":"Rhee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b51-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30191-9","article-title":"Regulation and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The corticotropin-releasing hormone perspective","volume":"21","author":"Chrousos","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b52-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-58-2-298","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing factor (ovine) and vasopressin exert a synergistic effect on adrenocorticotropin release in man","volume":"58","author":"Lamberts","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b53-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6267699","article-title":"Characterization of a 41-residue ovine hypothalamic peptide that stimulates secretion of corticotropin and beta-endorphin","volume":"213","author":"Vale","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b54-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/378287a0","article-title":"Urocortin, a mammalian neuropeptide related to fish urotensin I and to corticotropin-releasing factor","volume":"378","author":"Vaughan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b55-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121410","article-title":"CRF and CRF receptors: role in stress responsivity and other behaviors","volume":"44","author":"Bale","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b56-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2006.11.002","article-title":"Wood creosote prevents CRF-induced motility via 5-HT3 receptors in proximal and 5-HT4 receptors in distal colon in rats","volume":"133","author":"Ataka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b57-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36470-5","article-title":"Central injection of a new corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonist, astressin, blocks CRF- and stress-related alterations of gastric and colonic motor function","volume":"280","author":"Martinez","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b58-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G173","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.280.2.G173","article-title":"Stress and the gastrointestinal tract III. Stress-related alterations of gut motor function: role of brain corticotropin-releasing factor receptors","volume":"280","author":"Tache","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b59-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.06.026","article-title":"Early life stress alters behavior, immunity, and microbiota in rats: implications for irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric illnesses","volume":"65","author":"O'Mahony","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b60-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22362","article-title":"Chronic foot-shock stress potentiates the influx of bone marrow-derived microglia into hippocampus","volume":"88","author":"Brevet","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b61-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-79090-7_2","article-title":"Visceral pain: the neurophysiological mechanism","volume":"194","author":"Sengupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b62-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000205740","article-title":"Comparison of gastric emptying and plasma ghrelin levels in patients with functional dyspepsia and non-erosive reflux disease","volume":"79","author":"Shindo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b63-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1159\/000215389","article-title":"Plasma ghrelin levels and their relationship with gastric emptying in patients with dysmotility-like functional dyspepsia","volume":"80","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b64-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07389.x","article-title":"Symptoms associated with impaired gastric emptying of solids and liquids in functional dyspepsia","volume":"98","author":"Sarnelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b65-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70491-9","article-title":"Urocortin reduces food intake and gastric emptying in lean and ob\/ob obese mice","volume":"116","author":"Asakawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b66-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.040600","article-title":"Ghrelin induces fasted motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract in conscious fed rats","volume":"550","author":"Fujino","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b67-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G32","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2000.278.1.G32","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y induces fasted pattern of duodenal motility via Y(2) receptors in conscious fed rats","volume":"278","author":"Fujimiya","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b68-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6318","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.6318","article-title":"Different effects of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin on gastroduodenal motility in conscious rats","volume":"14","author":"Fujimiya","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"key20180107225759_b69-ijmm-32-03-0523","first-page":"S95","article-title":"Central and peripheral mechanisms by which ghrelin regulates gut motility","volume":"54","author":"Peeters","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b70-ijmm-32-03-0523","first-page":"1103","article-title":"Application of ghrelin to gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"9","author":"Venkova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Investig Drugs"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b71-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.038737","article-title":"Stomach regulates energy balance via acylated ghrelin and desacyl ghrelin","volume":"54","author":"Asakawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b72-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0629","article-title":"Transgenic mice overexpressing des-acyl ghrelin show small phenotype","volume":"146","author":"Ariyasu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b73-ijmm-32-03-0523","first-page":"695","article-title":"Intracisternal des-acyl ghrelin inhibits food intake and non-nutrient gastric emptying in conscious rats","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b74-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.04.015","article-title":"Des-acyl ghrelin acts by CRF type 2 receptors to disrupt fasted stomach motility in conscious rats","volume":"129","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b75-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2008.09.014","article-title":"Desacyl ghrelin inhibits the orexigenic effect of peripherally injected ghrelin in rats","volume":"29","author":"Inhoff","year":"2008","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b76-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2007.09.017","article-title":"Proghrelin-derived peptides influence the secretion of insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin: a study on isolated islets from mouse and rat pancreas","volume":"146","author":"Qader","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul Pept"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b77-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.102.034827","article-title":"Extent and direction of ghrelin transport across the blood-brain barrier is determined by its unique primary structure","volume":"302","author":"Banks","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b78-ijmm-32-03-0523","first-page":"G965","article-title":"Central CRF inhibits gastric emptying of a nutrient solid meal in rats: the role of CRF2 receptors","volume":"274","author":"Martinez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b79-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G34","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00283.2001","article-title":"Human urocortin II, a new CRF-related peptide, displays selective CRF(2)-mediated action on gastric transit in rats","volume":"282","author":"Million","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b80-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G406","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.280.3.G406","article-title":"Effects of central and peripheral urocortin on fed and fasted gastroduodenal motor activity in conscious rats","volume":"280","author":"Kihara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b81-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1117255","article-title":"Obestatin, a peptide encoded by the ghrelin gene, opposes ghrelin's effects on food intake","volume":"310","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b82-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1135047","article-title":"Comment on \u2018Obestatin, a peptide encoded by the ghrelin gene, opposes ghrelin's effects on food intake\u2019","volume":"315","author":"Chartrel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b83-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0933","article-title":"GPR39 signaling is stimulated by zinc ions but not by obestatin","volume":"148","author":"Holst","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b84-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1275","article-title":"Normal food intake and body weight in mice lacking the G protein-coupled receptor GPR39","volume":"148","author":"Tremblay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b85-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706969","article-title":"Little or no ability of obestatin to interact with ghrelin or modify motility in the rat gastrointestinal tract","volume":"150","author":"Bassil","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b86-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC16","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03344175","article-title":"Obestatin inhibits feeding but does not modulate GH and corticosterone secretion in the rat","volume":"29","author":"Bresciani","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b87-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1210","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00549.2007","article-title":"Obestatin inhibits motor activity in the antrum and duodenum in the fed state of conscious rats","volume":"294","author":"Ataka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b88-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000225614.94470.47","article-title":"Relation among plasma ghrelin level, gastric emptying, and psychologic condition in patients with functional dyspepsia","volume":"41","author":"Takamori","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"key20180107225759_b89-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-6342.2006.00032.x","article-title":"Enhanced plasma ghrelin levels in patients with functional dyspepsia","volume":"24","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b90-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520510015403","article-title":"Plasma acylated ghrelin levels correlate with subjective symptoms of functional dyspepsia in female patients","volume":"40","author":"Shinomiya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b91-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2231","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i18.2231","article-title":"Plasma levels of acylated ghrelin in patients with functional dyspepsia","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b92-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G403","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.90260.2008","article-title":"Endogenous ghrelin and 5-HT regulate interdigestive gastrointestinal contractions in conscious rats","volume":"295","author":"Taniguchi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b93-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.06.036","article-title":"Efficacy of buspirone, a fundus-relaxing drug, in patients with functional dyspepsia","volume":"10","author":"Tack","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b94-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.11012FP","article-title":"Effects of mosapride citrate, a 5-HT4-receptor agonist, on gastric distension-induced visceromotor response in conscious rats","volume":"116","author":"Seto","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b95-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2101-z","article-title":"The effects of 5-HT4 receptor agonist, mosapride citrate, on visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model","volume":"57","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b96-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevOncog.v17.i3.50","article-title":"Efficacy of ghrelin in cancer cachexia: clinical trials and a novel treatment by rikkunshito","volume":"17","author":"Fujitsuka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncog"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b97-ijmm-32-03-0523","first-page":"62","article-title":"Rikkunshito improves the symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia, accompanied by an increase in the level of plasma ghrelin","volume":"59","author":"Arai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b98-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.02.078","article-title":"Rikkunshito, an herbal medicine, suppresses cisplatin-induced anorexia in rats via 5-HT2 receptor antagonism","volume":"134","author":"Takeda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"key20180107225759_b99-ijmm-32-03-0523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-009-0166-z","article-title":"The traditional Japanese medicine Rikkunshito increases the plasma level of ghrelin in humans and mice","volume":"45","author":"Matsumura","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1418\/download","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T12:13:22Z","timestamp":1746015202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1418"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1418"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1418","relation":{},"ISSN":["1107-3756","1791-244X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1107-3756","type":"print"},{"value":"1791-244X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]}}}