{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T19:10:31Z","timestamp":1784747431386,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Spandidos Publications","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Med Report"],"DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2019.10885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T09:04:21Z","timestamp":1576487061000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Hexavalent chromium intoxication induces intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis in human renal cells"],"prefix":"10.3892","author":[{"given":"Yen\u2011Hung","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jhong\u2011Ching","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu\u2011Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzeng\u2011Jih","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Taoyuan Branch, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng\u2011Chi","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao\u2011Hua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei\u2011Lin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen\u2011Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueh\u2011Lun","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I\u2011Jeng","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, R.O.C."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2249","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20200713234529_b1-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2006.08.005","article-title":"Oral administration of Cr(VI) induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptotic cell death in mice","volume":"228","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b2-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-015-0054-z","article-title":"Oral chromium exposure and toxicity","volume":"2","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Environ Health Rep"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b3-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2015.08.007","article-title":"Cr(VI) occurrence and geochemistry in water from public-supply wells in California","volume":"63","author":"Izbicki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl Geochem"},{"issue":"pii","key":"key20200713234529_b4-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E269","DOI":"10.3390\/ma11020269","article-title":"Reduction and removal of chromium VI in water by powdered activated carbon","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b5-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1080\/10590501.2010.504980","article-title":"Review of chromium (VI) apoptosis, cell-cycle-arrest, and carcinogenesis","volume":"28","author":"Chiu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b6-mmr-21-02-0851","first-page":"1","article-title":"Imbalance of oxidative and reductive species involved in chromium(VI)-induced toxic effects","volume":"3","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reactive Oxygen Species"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b7-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017994720562","article-title":"In vivo reduction of chromium (VI) and its related free radical generation","volume":"222","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b8-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201100055","article-title":"Functional proteomics reveals hepatotoxicity and the molecular mechanisms of different forms of chromium delivered by skin administration","volume":"12","author":"Pan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b9-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.52.1.28","article-title":"Occupational asthma due to chrome and nickel electroplating","volume":"52","author":"Bright","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b10-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.3109\/10408449709078442","article-title":"Toxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) in animal models and humans","volume":"27","author":"Costa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b11-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00409381","article-title":"Renal function of chrome-plating workers and welders","volume":"60","author":"Verschoor","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b12-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2307\/3431139","article-title":"Chromium-induced kidney disease","volume":"92","author":"Wedeen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b13-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.54.632.414","article-title":"Intravascular haemolysis and acute renal failure following potassium dichromate poisoning","volume":"54","author":"Sharma","year":"1978","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b14-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3109\/15563658209025729","article-title":"Effects of hemodialysis and dimercaprol in acute dichromate poisoning","volume":"19","author":"Ellis","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Toxicol Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b15-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1023\/B:MCBI.0000007273.23747.67","article-title":"PbCrO4 mediates cellular responses via reactive oxygen species","volume":"255","author":"Leonard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b16-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-013-1034-4","article-title":"Oxidative stress: The mitochondria-dependent and mitochondria-independent pathways of apoptosis","volume":"87","author":"Sinha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b17-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2006.10.017","article-title":"In vivo and in vitro effects of chromium VI on anterior pituitary hormone release and cell viability","volume":"218","author":"Quinteros","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b18-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2012.1031","article-title":"Hexavalent chromium targets mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I to induce reactive oxygen species-dependent caspase-3 activation in L-02 hepatocytes","volume":"30","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b19-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.07.018","article-title":"Curcumin prevents Cr(VI)-induced renal oxidant damage by a mitochondrial pathway","volume":"51","author":"Molina-Jijon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b20-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2016.09.012","article-title":"Activation of apoptosis signalling pathways by reactive oxygen species","volume":"1863","author":"Redza-Dutordoir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b21-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2018.02.022","article-title":"Optimal dosage and early intervention of L-ascorbic acid inhibiting K2Cr2O7-induced renal tubular cell damage","volume":"48","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b22-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230701320337","article-title":"Apoptosis: A review of programmed cell death","volume":"35","author":"Elmore","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b23-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2443.1998.00223.x","article-title":"Role of Bcl-2 family proteins in apoptosis: apoptosomes or mitochondria?","volume":"3","author":"Tsujimoto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genes Cells"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b24-mmr-21-02-0851","first-page":"237","article-title":"Role of active oxygen species in metal-induced DNA strand breakage in human diploid fibroblasts","volume":"193","author":"Snyder","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b25-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2004.05.006","article-title":"The ATM-SMC1 pathway is essential for activation of the chromium[VI]-induced S-phase checkpoint","volume":"554","author":"Wakeman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b26-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgh242","article-title":"Generation of S phase-dependent DNA double-strand breaks by Cr(VI) exposure: Involvement of ATM in Cr(VI) induction of gamma-H2AX","volume":"25","author":"Ha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b27-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2004.02.011","article-title":"Signal transduction of p53-independent apoptotic pathway induced by hexavalent chromium in U937 cells","volume":"197","author":"Hayashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b28-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2007.10.001","article-title":"Hypersensitivity to chromium-induced DNA damage correlates with constitutive deregulation of upstream p53 kinases in p21-\/-HCT116 colon cancer cells","volume":"7","author":"Hill","year":"2008","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b29-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50333","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.10385","article-title":"5-FU targets rpL3 to induce mitochondrial apoptosis via cystathionine-beta-synthase in colon cancer cells lacking p53","volume":"7","author":"Pagliara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b30-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38369","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38369","article-title":"rpL3 promotes the apoptosis of p53 mutated lung cancer cells by down-regulating CBS and NF\u03baB upon 5-FU treatment","volume":"6","author":"Russo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b31-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2009.08.001","article-title":"Pycnogenol prevents potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7-induced oxidative damage and nephrotoxicity in rats","volume":"181","author":"Parveen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b32-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1159\/000181540","article-title":"Chromic acid poisoning treated with acute hemodialysis","volume":"22","author":"Pedersen","year":"1978","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b33-mmr-21-02-0851","first-page":"136","article-title":"Chromium induced AKI: Case with protean implications","volume":"7","author":"KhanSaif","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annals Tropical Medicine Public Health"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b34-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6452","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.311","article-title":"Caspase-independent cell death: Leaving the set without the final cut","volume":"27","author":"Tait","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"pii","key":"key20200713234529_b35-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2068","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17122068","article-title":"Non-canonical cell death induced by p53","volume":"17","author":"Ranjan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b36-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfj106","article-title":"Single and combination toxic metal exposures induce apoptosis in cultured murine podocytes exclusively via the extrinsic caspase 8 pathway","volume":"90","author":"Eichler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b37-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9861(02)00525-8","article-title":"Identification of novel matrix metalloproteinase-7 (matrilysin) cleavage sites in murine and human Fas ligand","volume":"408","author":"Vargo-Gogola","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b38-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-011-0604-2","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and soluble Fas\/FasL system as novel regulators of apoptosis in children and young adults on chronic dialysis","volume":"16","author":"Musial","year":"2011","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b39-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2006.02.004","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors as biomarkers for metal toxicity in vitro","volume":"20","author":"Cammarota","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b40-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2008.08.022","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and \u22129 are induced differently by metal nanoparticles in human monocytes: The role of oxidative stress and protein tyrosine kinase activation","volume":"233","author":"Wan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"key20200713234529_b41-mmr-21-02-0851","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2015.12.002","article-title":"TNF and ROS crosstalk in inflammation","volume":"26","author":"Blaser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"}],"container-title":["Molecular Medicine Reports"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T00:40:28Z","timestamp":1594687228000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/mmr.2019.10885"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"references-count":41,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2019.10885","relation":{},"ISSN":["1791-2997","1791-3004"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1791-2997","type":"print"},{"value":"1791-3004","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]}}}