{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T07:08:08Z","timestamp":1769843288651,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Spandidos Publications","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oncol Lett"],"DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2025.15197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T05:11:06Z","timestamp":1752815466000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Choroidal metastasis as the first sign of small cell lung cancer: A case report"],"prefix":"10.3892","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Keke","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingbo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunmei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2249","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20250902113508_b1-ol-30-4-15197","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b2-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00235-0","article-title":"Small-cell lung cancer","volume":"7","author":"Rudin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b3-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02015-4","article-title":"Metastatic tumours to the eye. Review of metastasis to the iris, ciliary body, choroid, retina, optic disc, vitreous, and\/or lens capsule","volume":"37","author":"Shields","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b4-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4103\/meajo.MEAJO_6_18","article-title":"Uveal metastasis: Clinical features and survival outcome of 2214 tumors in 1111 patients based on primary tumor origin","volume":"25","author":"Shields","year":"2018","journal-title":"Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b5-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.04.004","article-title":"Cellular and physiological mechanisms underlying blood flow regulation in the retina and choroid in health and disease","volume":"31","author":"Kur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b6-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0158-0","article-title":"Uveal melanoma","volume":"6","author":"Jager","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b7-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-318658","article-title":"Presumed incipient choroidal melanoma: Proposed diagnostic criteria and management","volume":"107","author":"Jouhi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b8-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2010.12.001","article-title":"Ocular neoplastic disease","volume":"32","author":"Mahajan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Ultrasound CT MR"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b9-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.10.026","article-title":"New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: Revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1)","volume":"45","author":"Eisenhauer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b10-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01881","article-title":"Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: First-line and second-line treatment options","volume":"40","author":"Zugazagoitia","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b11-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.10.1.119","article-title":"Lobaplatin: A new antitumour platinum drug","volume":"10","author":"McKeage","year":"2001","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b12-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-198212000-00014","article-title":"Toxicity and response criteria of the eastern cooperative oncology group","volume":"5","author":"Oken","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b13-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00349-9","article-title":"Clinical importance of changes in chronic pain intensity measured on an 11-point numerical pain rating scale","volume":"94","author":"Farrar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b14-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.07.014","article-title":"Uveal metastasis from lung cancer: Clinical features, treatment, and outcome in 194 patients","volume":"121","author":"Shah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b15-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17061041","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and management of ocular metastases","volume":"17","author":"Gerba-G\u00f3recka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b16-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2024.12.002","article-title":"Uveal metastasis: Clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors in a cohort of 161 patients in China","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b17-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.154380","article-title":"Choroidal metastasis: Origin, features, and therapy","volume":"63","author":"Arepalli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b18-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2014.09.006","article-title":"Management of choroidal metastases","volume":"40","author":"Jardel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b19-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-0010","article-title":"Metastasis-initiating cells and ecosystems","volume":"11","author":"Massagu\u00e9","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b20-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2101","article-title":"Genetic determinants of cancer metastasis","volume":"8","author":"Nguyen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b21-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-4182(06)80032-3","article-title":"Choroidal mass as the presenting sign of small cell lung carcinoma","volume":"41","author":"Fernandes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b22-ol-30-4-15197","first-page":"e18968","article-title":"Choroidal metastasis revealing a lung adenocarcinoma: A case report","volume":"13","author":"Aichouni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b23-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3182574a0b","article-title":"Clinical manifestation and outcome of lung cancer patients with ocular metastasis: 16 Case reports and system of the literature","volume":"91","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b24-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4451","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S315532","article-title":"A comprehensive understanding of choroidal metastasis from lung cancer","volume":"14","author":"Qu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b25-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15436","article-title":"Clinical manifestation and outcome of lung cancer patients with ocular metastasis: 16 Case reports and systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b26-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181e004cd","article-title":"Bilateral choroidal metastasis as the presenting sign of small cell lung carcinoma","volume":"5","author":"John","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b27-ol-30-4-15197","first-page":"870","article-title":"Unilateral choroidal metastases as an unusual presentation of small cell lung cancer","volume":"37","author":"Anwar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b28-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03229-x","article-title":"Mast cells promote choroidal neovascularization in a model of age-related macular degeneration","volume":"21","author":"Dabouz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b29-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.21037\/cco-21-137","article-title":"Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of cancer: A narrative review","volume":"11","author":"Janetos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b30-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0b013e31823bbd14","article-title":"Retinal manifestations of oncologic and hematologic conditions","volume":"52","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b31-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2011.09.004","article-title":"Neurologic emergencies in patients who have cancer: Diagnosis and management","volume":"30","author":"Baldwin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b32-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-025-01950-4","article-title":"The research progress on meningeal metastasis in solid tumors","volume":"16","author":"Yue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Discov Oncol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b33-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1080\/14737140.2017.1398089","article-title":"The liquid biopsy: A tool for a combined diagnostic and theranostic approach for care of a patient with late-stage lung carcinoma presenting with bilateral ocular metastases","volume":"17","author":"Bouhlel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anticancer Ther"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b34-ol-30-4-15197","first-page":"208","article-title":"Intraocular metastases-a review","volume":"6","author":"Konstantinidis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b35-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2022.07.018","article-title":"Outcomes of intraocular metastasis from lung cancer in the era of targeted therapy: A systematic review and pooled analysis","volume":"23","author":"Maller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Lung Cancer"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b36-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13121991","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography in inflammatory and neoplastic lesions deforming the choroidal profile","volume":"13","author":"Bolletta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b37-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000002157","article-title":"Clinical features and treatment modalities of rare choroid metastasis from lung malignancy","volume":"135","author":"Qu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b38-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.11.011","article-title":"Assessment of anterior segment tumors with ultrasound biomicroscopy versus anterior segment optical coherence tomography in 200 cases","volume":"118","author":"Bianciotto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b39-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3147","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14133147","article-title":"Imaging of uveal melanoma-current standard and methods in development","volume":"14","author":"Solnik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b40-ol-30-4-15197","article-title":"NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines\u00ae)","author":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small Cell Lung Cancer"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b41-ol-30-4-15197","first-page":"v713","article-title":"IMpower133: Updated overall survival (OS) analysis of first-line atezolizumab plus carboplatin and etoposide in extensive-stage SCLC","volume":"30","author":"Horn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b42-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.01055","article-title":"Updated overall survival and PD-L1 subgroup analysis of patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer treated with atezolizumab, carboplatin, and etoposide (IMpower133)","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b43-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359231189430","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of first-line PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitor combinations for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: A Bayesian network meta-analysis","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther Adv Med Oncol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b44-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32222-6","article-title":"Durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide versus platinum-etoposide in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CASPIAN): A randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial","volume":"394","author":"Paz-Ares","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b45-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3828","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12113828","article-title":"Real-world efficacy and safety of thoracic radiotherapy after first-line chemo-immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer","volume":"12","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b46-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18040585","article-title":"Synergizing success: The role of anlotinib combinations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer treatment","volume":"18","author":"Hetta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b47-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623859","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1623859","article-title":"Endostatin-based anti-angiogenic therapy and immune modulation: Mechanisms and synergistic potential in cancer treatment","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b48-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02153-7","article-title":"Induction chemotherapy followed by camrelizumab plus apatinib and chemotherapy as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: A multicenter, single-arm trial","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b49-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03132-1","article-title":"Benmelstobart, anlotinib and chemotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: A randomized phase 3 trial","volume":"30","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b50-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3044","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10123044","article-title":"How to manage a patient with ocular metastases?","volume":"10","author":"Thariat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b51-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3376","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01299-8","article-title":"Robotic assisted CyberKnife radiosurgery for the treatment of choroidal metastasis","volume":"35","author":"Schmelter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"key20250902113508_b52-ol-30-4-15197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57050404","article-title":"Adjuvant intravitreal bevacizumab injection for choroidal and orbital metastases of refractory invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast","volume":"57","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"}],"container-title":["Oncology Letters"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T08:35:14Z","timestamp":1756802114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/ol.2025.15197"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2025.15197","relation":{},"ISSN":["1792-1074","1792-1082"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1792-1074","type":"print"},{"value":"1792-1082","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]}}}