{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T21:25:18Z","timestamp":1787606718061,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CCG"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present study, we analyzed individuals of <jats:italic>Hypostomus soniae<\/jats:italic> (Loricariidae) collected from the Teles Pires River, southern Amazon basin, Brazil. <jats:italic>Hypostomus soniae<\/jats:italic> has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 64 and a karyotype composed of 12 metacentric (m), 22 submetacentric (sm), 14 subtelocentric (st), and 16 acrocentric (a) chromosomes, with a structural difference between the chromosomes of the two sexes: the presence of a block of heterochromatin in sm pair No. 26, which appears to represent a putative initial stage of the differentiation of an XX\/XY sex chromosome system. This chromosome, which had a heterochromatin block, and was designated proto-Y (pY), varied in the length of the long arm (q) in comparison with its homolog, resulting from the addition of constitutive heterochromatin. It is further distinguished by the presence of major ribosomal cistrons in a subterminal position of the long arm (q). The Nucleolus Organizer Region (NOR) had different phenotypes among the <jats:italic>H. soniae<\/jats:italic> individuals in terms of the number of Ag-NORs and 18S rDNA sites. The origin, distribution and maintenance of the chromosomal polymorphism found in <jats:italic>H. soniae<\/jats:italic> reinforced the hypothesis of the existence of a proto-Y chromosome, demonstrating the rise of an XX\/XY sex chromosome system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/compcytogen.v13i4.36205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T05:13:05Z","timestamp":1576041185000},"page":"411-422","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cytogenetic characterization of Hypostomus soniae Hollanda-Carvalho &amp;amp; Weber, 2004 from the Teles Pires River, southern Amazon basin: evidence of an early stage of an XX\/XY sex chromosome system"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Luciene Castuera","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Ot\u00e1vio","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerlane de Medeiros","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Henrique","family":"Zawadzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Camila","family":"Prizon-Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1990-4803","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luciana Andreia","family":"Borin-Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Martins-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0881-0345","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ana Luiza de Brito","family":"Portela-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"36205_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2016.2806"},{"key":"36205_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/compcytogen.v6i4.4028"},{"key":"36205_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-005-0715-1"},{"key":"36205_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-004-7561-4"},{"key":"36205_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.hdy.6800081"},{"key":"36205_B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5223.2001.00201.x"},{"key":"36205_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1003957719178"},{"key":"36205_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1508\/cytologia.63.421"},{"key":"36205_B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00087114.1996.10797353"},{"key":"36205_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2014.1028"},{"key":"36205_B11","first-page":"103","article-title":"Cytotaxonomic considerations on Hoplias lacerdae (Pisces, Erythrinidae).","volume":"2","author":"Bertollo","year":"1978","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Gen\u00e9tica"},{"key":"36205_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-014-9759-4"},{"key":"36205_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/compcytogen.v12i1.22052"},{"key":"36205_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/943825"},{"key":"36205_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-012-9280-8"},{"key":"36205_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000089887"},{"key":"36205_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/vol7-3gmr404"},{"key":"36205_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10577-015-9490-8"},{"key":"36205_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000163095"},{"key":"36205_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2010.18"},{"key":"36205_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-007-9231-9"},{"key":"36205_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1679-62252007000300010"},{"key":"36205_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(02)00057-1"},{"key":"36205_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-47572004000300008"},{"key":"36205_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/CompCytogen.v13i1.30134"},{"key":"36205_B26","author":"Froese","year":"2019"},{"key":"36205_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esx065"},{"key":"36205_B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02224.x"},{"key":"36205_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-004-2039-y"},{"key":"36205_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.part.80281"},{"key":"36205_B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01953855"},{"key":"36205_B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2017.1429"},{"key":"36205_B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes9050233"},{"key":"36205_B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5223.1964.tb01953.x"},{"key":"36205_B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4324-2018180417"},{"key":"36205_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10520295.2012.696700"},{"key":"36205_B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017547005143"},{"key":"36205_B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-47572011005000038"},{"key":"36205_B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009216030316"},{"key":"36205_B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/compcytogen.v5i2.964"},{"key":"36205_B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1508\/cytologia.42.539"},{"key":"36205_B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/compcytogen.v4i1.31"},{"key":"36205_B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01857.x"},{"key":"36205_B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00346009"},{"key":"36205_B45","author":"Ohara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Peixes do Rio Teles Pires: Diversidade e Guia de Idenficac\u0327a\u0303o."},{"key":"36205_B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/2015.June.18.5"},{"key":"36205_B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-013-9303-0"},{"key":"36205_B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.9.2934"},{"key":"36205_B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2014.0996"},{"key":"36205_B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2017.00185"},{"key":"36205_B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000492959"},{"key":"36205_B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2016.1279"},{"key":"36205_B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/compcytogen.v5i5.1589"},{"key":"36205_B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2007.01784.x"},{"key":"36205_B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(72)90558-7"},{"key":"36205_B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-13-42"},{"key":"36205_B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2014.15"},{"key":"36205_B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/compcytogen.v6i2.2595"},{"key":"36205_B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12087"}],"container-title":["Comparative Cytogenetics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/compcytogen.pensoft.net\/article\/36205\/download\/pdf\/","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/compcytogen.pensoft.net\/article\/36205\/download\/xml\/","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/compcytogen.pensoft.net\/article_preview.php?id=36205&skip_redirect=1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T05:13:08Z","timestamp":1576041188000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/compcytogen.pensoft.net\/article\/36205\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3897\/compcytogen.v13i4.36205","relation":{},"ISSN":["1993-078X","1993-0771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1993-078X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1993-0771","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]}}}