{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T11:47:16Z","timestamp":1747223236259,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Secondary or acquired osteochondroma may develop following radiation exposure, trauma or surgery, and osteomyelitis. This report presents a 15-year-old patient with an osteochondroma of the anterolateral left distal tibial metaphysis, who received surgical treatment for an acute suppurative arthritis of the left ankle joint at the age of 4 years. The purpose of this paper is to present the challenging diagnostic enigma of the osteochondroma\u2019s etiology in our patient between a primary versus a secondary lesion. After analysing retrospectively the available information in the patient\u2019s files, we concluded that the osteochondroma was likely a primary lesion with modified presentation due to infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.64.e65667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T15:19:36Z","timestamp":1667229576000},"page":"824-828","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Osteochondroma after acute skeletal infection: a primary or a secondary lesion?"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5970-844X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Sferopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"65667_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Jaffe N, Ried HL, Cohen M, et al. Radiation induced osteochondroma in long-term survivors of childhood cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1983; 9(5):665\u201370.","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(83)90232-8"},{"key":"65667_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Harper GD, Dicks-Mireaux C, Leiper AD. Total body irradiation-induced osteochondromata. J Pediatr Orthop 1998; 18(3):356\u20138.","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199805000-00016"},{"key":"65667_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Murphey MD, Choi JJ, Kransdorf MJ, et al. Imaging of osteochondroma: Variants and complications with radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 2000; 20(5):1407\u201334.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.20.5.g00se171407"},{"key":"65667_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Marcovici PA, Berdon WE, Liebling MS. Osteochondromas and growth retardation secondary to externally or internally administered radiation in childhood. Pediatr Radiol 2007; 37(3):301\u20134.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-006-0382-0"},{"key":"65667_B5","unstructured":"5. Greyson-Fleg RT, Reichmister JP, McCarthy EF, et al. Post-traumatic osteochondroma. Can Assoc Radiol J 1987; 38(3):195\u20138."},{"key":"65667_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Hwang SK, Park BM. Induction of osteochondromas by periosteal resection. Orthopedics 1991; 14(7):809\u201312.","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19910701-16"},{"key":"65667_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Mintzer CM, Klein JD, Kasser JR. Osteochondroma formation after a Salter II fracture. J Orthop Trauma 1994; 8(5):437\u20139.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199410000-00013"},{"key":"65667_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Scoggin JF 3rd, Jacques KM. Post-traumatic osteochondroma formation following intramedullary fracture fixation. Orthopedics 2001; 24(10):991\u20132.","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-20011001-21"},{"key":"65667_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Sarban S, Kocabey Y, Isikan UE. Post-traumatic osteochondroma formation after femoral plate fixation: A case report. Injury Extra 2005; 36(2):15\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2004.07.041"},{"key":"65667_B10","unstructured":"10. Van Winkle GN, Mazur JM. Iatrogenic exostosis in a patient treated for osteomyelitis. J Pediatr Orthop 1983; 3(5):610\u20132."},{"key":"65667_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Vallcanera A, Moreno-Flores A, Gomez J, et al. Osteochondroma post osteomyelitis. Pediatr Radiol 1996; 26(9):680\u20131.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01356835"},{"key":"65667_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Trueta J. The three types of acute haematogenous osteomyelitis. A clinical and vascular study. J Bone Joint Surg 1959; 41:671\u20139.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.41B4.671"},{"key":"65667_B13","unstructured":"13. Trueta J. Studies of the development and decay of the human frame. London: Heinemann; 1968."},{"key":"65667_B14","unstructured":"14. Curtiss PH Jr. Cartilage damage in septic arthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1969; 64:87\u201390."},{"key":"65667_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Shapiro F, Holtrop ME, Glimcher MJ. Organization and cellular biology of the perichondrial ossification groove of Ranvier: A morphological study in rabbits. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1977; 59(6):703\u201323.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197759060-00001"},{"key":"65667_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Nadau E, Joseph C, Haraux E, et al. Clinical features and outcomes in children with bone and joint infections of the ankle or foot. Arch Pediatr 2020; 27(8):464\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2020.08.005"},{"key":"65667_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Nade S. Acute septic arthritis in infancy and childhood. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1983; 65(3):234\u201341.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.65B3.6841388"},{"key":"65667_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Perlman MH, Patzakis MJ, Kumar PJ, et al. The incidence of joint involvement with adjacent osteomyelitis in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Orthop 2000; 20(1):40\u20133.","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200001000-00009"},{"key":"65667_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Montgomery CO, Siegel E, Blasier RD, et al. Concurrent septic arthritis and osteomyelitis in children. J Pediatr Orthop 2013; 33(4):464\u20137.","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e318278484f"},{"key":"65667_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Monsalve J, Kan JH, Schallert EK, et al. Septic arthritis in children: Frequency of coexisting unsuspected osteomyelitis and implications on imaging work-up and management. 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