{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T11:47:38Z","timestamp":1747223258346,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnosis of intrathoracic non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) is challenging. We report a case of a pediatric pulmonary NTM with endobronchial lesion and lymphadenitis in a child with HIV infection diagnosed by bronchoscopic biopsy, EBUS-TBNA and probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE). The pCLE showed a large number of highly fluorescent cells and zones of density and disorganized elastin fibers at alveolar areas. A combination of diagnostic endoscopic procedures is required to establish the diagnosis of NTM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.66.e109225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T12:16:06Z","timestamp":1714479366000},"page":"282-286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intrathoracic non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis with endobronchial lesion in a child aged 11 with HIV infection diagnosed by bronchoscopic biopsy, EBUS-TBNA and confocal laser endomicroscopy"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2168-5793","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Igor","family":"Vasilev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8370-8594","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Igor","family":"Mamenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1682-5047","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Roman","family":"Simonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5137-5126","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tatiana","family":"Novitskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6906-6225","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Viacheslav","family":"Zhuravlev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4385-9643","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Petr","family":"Yablonskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"109225_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Lind CS, Bennet R, Papatziamos G. Endobronchial Mycobacterium avium infection in an immunocompetent child. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol Extra 2017; 18:5\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedex.2017.08.001"},{"key":"109225_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. L\u00f3pez-Varela E, Garc\u00eda-Basteiro AL, Santiago B, et al. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in children: muddying the waters of tuberculosis diagnosis. Lancet Respir Med 2015; 3(3):244\u201356. doi: 10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00062-4","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00062-4"},{"key":"109225_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Litman DA, Shah UK, Pawel BR. Isolated endobronchial atypical mycobacterium in a child: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2000; 55:65\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(00)00381-5"},{"key":"109225_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Kavookjian H, Jones JW, Shah S, et al. Endobronchial non-tuberculosis mycobacterium infection presenting in a healthy child. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2018; 127(10):726\u201330. doi: 10.1177\/0003489418784970","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489418784970"},{"key":"109225_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Hoyt L, Oleske J, Holland B, et al. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1992; 11(5):354\u201360.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199205000-00003"},{"key":"109225_B6","unstructured":"6. Mamenko I, Vasilev I, Tabanakova I, et al. In vivo confocal laser endomicroscopy in diagnosis of disseminated lung diseases (review and own data). Medical Alliance 2018; 2:61\u20138 [Russian]."},{"key":"109225_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Madan K, Iyer H, Madan NK, et al. Efficacy and safety of EBUS-TBNA and EUS-B-FNA in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56(1):23\u201333. doi: 10.1002\/ppul.25124","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25124"},{"key":"109225_B8","unstructured":"8. Shavrov AA, Kharitonova AY, Shavrov Jr AA, et al. Confocal laser endomicroscopy of the respiratory tract in children. Russian Pediatric Journal 2014; 5:27-30 [Russian]."},{"key":"109225_B9","unstructured":"9. McHendry C, Towe C, Moore S, et al. The feasibility of probe-based confocal endomicroscopy (pCLE) in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:A4766."},{"key":"109225_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Mamenko I, Vasilev I, Tabanakova I, et al. Comparison of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy images in patients with pulmonary TB and non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis: Preliminary report. 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