{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T13:53:32Z","timestamp":1776779612004,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FM"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim<\/jats:bold>: The aim of this study was to investigate how type 1 diabetes mellitus affects adult Bulgarians\u2019 body composition.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and methods<\/jats:bold>: One hundred and twenty patients (60 men and 60 women) aged 20 to 40 years, as well as 80 healthy men and women, were enrolled in the study. Bioelectrical impedance indicators: body fat tissue percentage (%BFT), total body water percentage (%TBW), visceral fat tissue (VFT), muscle mass (MM), and bone mass (BM) and derived indicators: total fat mass (TFM), active body mass (ABM), active body mass percentage (%ABM), ABM index (ABMI), and BMI were defined.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>: The mean values of %BFT, VFT, TFM, and BMI were significantly higher in the female patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus while the mean values of %TBW, %ABM, and ABMI were significantly higher in healthy women. The mean values of VFM and ABMI were significantly higher in the male patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus while the mean values of MM and ABM were significantly higher in healthy men. Bioelectrical impedance analysis of the body composition in Bulgarian female patients exhibited an increase in the accumulation of adipose connective tissue both generally and viscerally. The total body water percentage in the female patients was significantly lower than in the healthy controls. The body composition of Bulgarian male patients exhibited an increase in the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue only. The skeletal muscle tissue in male patients exhibited a decrease in comparison to healthy men.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>: We believe that these findings are consequence of the impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus on the body composition in Bulgarian patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.66.e126192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T08:10:43Z","timestamp":1719907843000},"page":"350-355","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of body composition of adult Bulgarian patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus by bioelectrical impedance analysis"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7473-8065","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Atanas","family":"Baltadjiev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9918-0707","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria","family":"Orbetzova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsvetanka","family":"Petleshkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0863-6930","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zdravka","family":"Harizanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9293-3016","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria","family":"Ilieva-Gerova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5192-8656","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ferihan","family":"Ahmed-Popova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"126192_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes care 2010; 33(Suppl_1):S62\u20139.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-S062"},{"key":"126192_B2","unstructured":"2. Lucier J, Weinstock RS. Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2022. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK507713"},{"key":"126192_B3","unstructured":"3. Magliano DJ, Boyko EJ. What is diabetes? In: IDF Diabetes Atlas [Internet]. 10th edition, 2021. International Diabetes Federation."},{"key":"126192_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Chen Y, He D, Yang T, et al. Relationship between body composition indicators and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese adults. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:452.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08552-5"},{"key":"126192_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Abulmeaty MMA, Aljuraiban GS, Alaidarous TA, et al. Body composition and the components of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes: the roles of disease duration and glycemic control. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1051\u20139.","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S248842"},{"key":"126192_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Pritika SD, Vineetha KRN, Dhiren P. Body composition analysis components as markers for coronary artery diseases in type 2 diabetic patients. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 2022; 17(3):369\u201375.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtumed.2021.10.002"},{"key":"126192_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Baltadjiev AG, Baltadjiev GA. Assessment of body composition of male patients with type 2 diabetes by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2011; 53(3):52\u20137.","DOI":"10.2478\/v10153-011-0057-y"},{"key":"126192_B8","unstructured":"8. Baltadjiev \u0410G, Baltadjiev GA. Bioelectrical impedance analysis of body composition in Bulgarian female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. CR Acad Bulg Sci (Comptes rendus de l\u2019Academie bulgare des Sciences) 2012; 65(5):693\u2013700."},{"key":"126192_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Davis NL, Bursell JD, Evans WD, et al. Body composition in children with type 1 diabetes in the first year after diagnosis: relationship to glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk. Arch Dis Child 2012; 97(4):312\u20135.","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-300626"},{"key":"126192_B10","unstructured":"10. Baltadjiev \u0410G, Baltadjiev GA. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of body composition in children with diabetes mellitus type 1. Acta Morph et Anthrop 2011; 17:193\u201396."},{"key":"126192_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children9111720"},{"key":"126192_B12","unstructured":"12. Nikolova M, Mollova D, Tineshev SL. Peculiarities in body composition of children. Comparison of anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance methods. J Biomed Clin Res 2009; 2:121\u20136."},{"key":"126192_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Nikolova M, Tineshev S. Comparison of the body mass index to other methods of body fat assessment in Bulgarian children and adolescent. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 2010; 24:329\u201337.","DOI":"10.1080\/13102818.2010.10817857"},{"key":"126192_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Tineshev S, Nikolova M. Anthropological characteristics of body composition in children and adolescents from Plovdiv. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 2010; 24:338\u201341.","DOI":"10.1080\/13102818.2010.10817858"},{"key":"126192_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5272\/jimab.202061.3005"},{"key":"126192_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Parente EB, Dahlstr\u00f6m EH, Harjutsalo V, et al. The relationship between body fat distribution and nonalcoholic fatty liver in adults with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021; 44(7):1706\u201313.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-3175"},{"key":"126192_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Dube\u0301 M, Prud\u2019homme D, Lemieux S, et al. Body composition indices in women with well-controlled type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2008; 31(6):48.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-2355"},{"key":"126192_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Momesso DP, Bussade I, Lima GA, et al. Body composition, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2011; 55(3):189\u201393.","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302011000300003"},{"key":"126192_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3307"},{"key":"126192_B20","unstructured":"20. World Health Organisation. Obesity and overweight. 2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight"},{"key":"126192_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Abd El Dayem SM, Battah AA. Hypertension in type 1 diabetic patients - the influence of body composition and body mass index: an observational study. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2012; 12(1):60\u20134.","DOI":"10.5152\/akd.2012.014"},{"key":"126192_B22","unstructured":"22. Musulin J, Bareti\u0107 M, \u0160imegi-\u0110eki\u0107 V. [Assessment of body composition of patients with type 1 diabetes by bioelectrical impedance analysis.] Lije\u010dni\u010dki vjesnik [Internet] 2017; 139:9\u201310. [Croatian] Available from: https:\/\/hrcak.srce.hr\/193279"},{"key":"126192_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Ingberg CM, Palm\u00e9r M, \u00c5man, et al. Body composition and bone mineral density in long-standing type 1 diabetes. J Intern Med 2004; 255:392\u20138.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01283.x"},{"key":"126192_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Rosenfalck AM, Almdal T, Hilsted J, et al. Body composition in adults with Type 1 diabetes at onset and during the first year of insulin therapy. Diabet Med 2002; 19(5):417\u201323.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2002.00702.x"},{"key":"126192_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8121634"},{"key":"126192_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Kahaly GJ, Hansen MP. Type 1 diabetes-associated autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15(7):644\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.02.017"}],"container-title":["Folia Medica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/126192\/download\/pdf\/","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/126192\/download\/xml\/","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article_preview.php?id=126192&skip_redirect=1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T08:10:56Z","timestamp":1719907856000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/126192\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3897\/folmed.66.e126192","relation":{},"ISSN":["1314-2143","0204-8043"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1314-2143","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0204-8043","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]}}}