{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:28:39Z","timestamp":1788272919738,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]],"date-time":"2024-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FM"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction<\/jats:bold>: With a population of roughly 11 million, the Roma (Gypsies) are the largest ethnic minority in Europe, particularly in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. A number of serious socioeconomic issues, such as poor health, low levels of education, unemployment, discrimination, criminal activity, high-risk sexual behavior, and a high rate of illnesses, including STDs, are present in their society.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p><jats:bold>Aim<\/jats:bold>: This study set out to investigate the frequency and demographics of syphilis within the Pleven region\u2019s Roma population.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and methods<\/jats:bold>: The methodology pertains to the study of data obtained from the Pleven registrations of the University Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology. The patients were chosen between the years 2008 and 2022.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>: The findings demonstrated that over the course of the study\u2019s 15 years, 323 people fell ill, with 35% of those individuals being Roma. Simultaneously, the proportion of Roma people living in the Pleven region fluctuated between 4.09% in 2011 and 3.09% in 2021. There were 113 Roma patients with syphilis, with 55% being female and 45% being male. The age group most commonly affected was 20\u201329 years old (44%), followed by singles (32%), and cohabiting individuals (49%), 49% had primary and basic education, 54% were unemployed, and 82% were heterosexual. Among Roma women, 11.5% were prostitutes, 14% were pregnant, and 15% gave birth. Cases of congenital syphilis were 4.4%. Statistically significant differences in all observed characteristics in Roma and patients from other ethnic groups are consistent with the data in other Central and Eastern European countries.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>: In conclusion, our findings confirm the high risk of contracting syphilis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.66.e128643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T06:13:42Z","timestamp":1725948822000},"page":"543-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Syphilis among Roma community: a single-center experience in Bulgaria (socio-demographic data collection, 2008\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6800-4671","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dimitar","family":"Gospodinov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klimentina","family":"Gospodinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hristina","family":"Haidudova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"128643_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462001915200"},{"key":"128643_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21613"},{"key":"128643_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-018-0138-z"},{"key":"128643_B4","unstructured":"4. Tsankova G, Todorova TT, Kostadinova T, et al. Seroprevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in the Varna Region (Bulgaria). Acta Dermatovenerologica Croat 2016; 24(4):288\u201390."},{"key":"128643_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02348-0"},{"key":"128643_B6","unstructured":"6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2020. USA; 2020. [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/statistics\/2020\/2020-SR-4-10-2023.pdf"},{"key":"128643_B7","unstructured":"7. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Syphilis - annual epidemiological report 2021. Stockholm: ECDC; 2023. [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/SYPH_AER_2022_Report_0.pdf"},{"key":"128643_B8","unstructured":"8. World Health Organisation. Sexually Transmitted infections (STIs).; 2023. [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/sexually-transmitted-infections"},{"key":"128643_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Ringold D, Orenstein MA, Wilkens E. Roma in an expanding Europe: breaking the poverty cycle. The World Bank Group; 2005. Available from: https:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/600541468771052774\/pdf\/30992.pdf.","DOI":"10.1596\/0-8213-5457-4"},{"key":"128643_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2010.046409"},{"key":"128643_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckp009"},{"key":"128643_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462021924893"},{"key":"128643_B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000204533.20324.56"},{"key":"128643_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-012-9596-4"},{"key":"128643_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15570\/actaapa.2020.15"},{"key":"128643_B16","unstructured":"16. Ordinance No. 3\/ 26 May 2016 On the Order and Conditions for Conducting Diagnosis, Prevention and Control of Syphilis, Gonorrhea and Urogenital Chlamydia Infection.; Ministry of Health, Bulgaria [Internet] 2016. Available from: https:\/\/www.mh.government.bg\/media\/filer_public\/2016\/06\/08\/naredba-3-diagnostika-profilaktika-kontrol-sifilis-gonoreq-hlamidina-infekciq.pdf"},{"key":"128643_B17","unstructured":"17. Republic of Bulgaria, National Statistical Institute. Census of the Population and Housing Fund in the Republic of Bulgaria 2011. Population by Ethnic Group and Mother Tongue; 2011. [Internet] Available from: https:\/\/censusresults.nsi.bg\/Census\/Reports\/2\/2\/R9.aspx"},{"key":"128643_B18","unstructured":"18. Republic of Bulgaria, National Statistical Institute. Census 2021. Ethnocultural Characteristics of the Population as of September 7, 2021; 2021.[Internet] Available from: https:\/\/www.nsi.bg\/sites\/default\/files\/files\/pressreleases\/Census2021-ethnos.pdf"},{"key":"128643_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2009.040139"},{"key":"128643_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16946"},{"key":"128643_B21","unstructured":"21. Variaah G, Haydudova H, Boneva I, et al. A case of stillbirth congenital syphilis. Dermatologia i Venerol Sofia. 2015; 53(1):52\u20135 [Bulgarian]."},{"key":"128643_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2016.1236683"},{"key":"128643_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2016.05.004"},{"key":"128643_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21101\/cejph.a3899"},{"key":"128643_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17207632"},{"key":"128643_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38992.478299.55"},{"key":"128643_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17197311"},{"key":"128643_B28","unstructured":"28. Knezevic A. Demographic characteristics of Roma population in Belgrade as an indicator of their social integration. Rev Rom\u00e2n\u0103 Geogr Polit 2013; 15(1):43\u201355."},{"key":"128643_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000810.Reported"}],"container-title":["Folia Medica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/128643\/download\/pdf\/","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/128643\/download\/xml\/","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article_preview.php?id=128643&skip_redirect=1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T06:13:52Z","timestamp":1725948832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/128643\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3897\/folmed.66.e128643","relation":{},"ISSN":["1314-2143","0204-8043"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1314-2143","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0204-8043","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]}}}