{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T19:11:14Z","timestamp":1788635474856,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    \ufeff\n                    <jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a complex pathophysiological mechanism. The adipose tissue, blood and its cellular components are less-studied extra-articular manifestations of RA.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim<\/jats:bold>\n                    : In this study, we used a pristane-induced RA rat model to assess the impact of RA-induced inflammation on anthropometric parameters, obesity indices, white blood cell differentiation, and morphological changes in red blood cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Materials and methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    : The randomized controlled, prospective, experimental study involved 20 adult female Wistar rats, aged 12-13 weeks, with body weights ranging from 180 to 220 grams. The rats were randomly assigned to two groups: an experimental RA-induced group (PIA group; n=10) and a control group of healthy animals (n=10). Rheumatoid arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of 150 \u03bcL of pristane at the dorsal base of the tail.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Rats in the PIA group exhibited significantly lower values of body weight (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.002), abdominal circumference (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.011), and BMI (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.028) compared to those in the control group. The number of neutrophils (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt;0.001) and eosinophils (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt;0.001) in the PIA group was significantly higher than in the control group, while the number of lymphocytes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.001) was lower. Peripheral blood smear analysis showed a significant increase in the number of dacryocytes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.003), anulocytes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.002), spherocytes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt;0.001), and reticulocytes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt;0.001) in the PIA group compared to the control group.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                    : This study demonstrates that the pathological processes in rheumatoid arthritis are reflected in the anthropometric parameters, the distribution of specific leukocyte types, and the morphological characteristics of erythrocytes. These factors collectively contribute to the complexity of disease progression in RA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.67.e152994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T09:42:58Z","timestamp":1766050978000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of anthropometric parameters, white blood cell count, and morphological changes of red blood cells in a pristane-induced rheumatoid arthritis rat model"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3542-3516","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samir","family":"Mehmedagi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Vessel and Rheumatic Diseases, Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8184-0065","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhamed","family":"Katica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0304-3770","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dina","family":"Kapi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9157-6942","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aida","family":"Be\u0161i\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9922-8034","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nad\u017ea","family":"Kapo-Dolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3722-9701","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Almir","family":"Fajki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3293-4698","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Asija","family":"Za\u010diragi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7934-417X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nermina","family":"Klapuh-Bukvi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry with Immunology, Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4251-1437","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amela","family":"Dervi\u0161evi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"152994_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. 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Molecular changes in the adipose tissue induced by rheumatoid arthritis: effects of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Front Immunol 2021; 12:744022.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.744022"},{"key":"152994_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Arias-de la Rosa I, Escudero-Contreras A, Ruiz-Ponce M, et al. Pathogenic mechanisms involving the interplay between adipose tissue and auto-antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. iScience 2022; 25(9):104893.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104893"},{"key":"152994_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Le Lay S, Simard G, Martinez MC, et al. Oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies: from an adipocentric point of view. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2014; 2014:908539.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/908539"},{"key":"152994_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Letarouilly JG, Flipo RM, Cortet B, et al. Body composition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative literature review. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2021; 13:1759720X211015006.","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X211015006"},{"key":"152994_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Akar S, Sar\u0131 \u0130, \u00c7\u00f6mlekci A, et al. Body composition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is not different than healthy subjects. Eur J Rheumatol 2014; 1(3):106\u201310.","DOI":"10.5152\/eurjrheumatol.2014.035"},{"key":"152994_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Olumuyiwa-Akeredolu OO, Soma P, Buys AV, et al. Characterizing pathology in erythrocytes using morphological and biophysical membrane properties: Relation to impaired hemorheology and cardiovascular function in rheumatoid arthritis. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2017; 1859(12):2381\u201391.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2017.09.014"},{"key":"152994_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Olumuyiwa-Akeredolu OO, Pretorius E. Platelet and red blood cell interactions and their role in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2015; 35(12):1955\u201364.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-015-3300-7"},{"key":"152994_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Cimen MY. Free radical metabolism in human erythrocytes. Clin Chim Acta 2008; 390(1-2):1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2007.12.025"},{"key":"152994_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Williams A, Bissinger R, Shamaa H, et al. Pathophysiology of red blood cell dysfunction in diabetes and its complications. Pathophysiology 2023; 30(3):327\u201345.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathophysiology30030026"},{"key":"152994_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Radosinska J, Vrbjar N. The role of red blood cell deformability and Na, K-ATPase function in selected risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in humans: focus on hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. Physiol Res 2016; 65 Suppl 1:S43\u2013S54.","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.933402"},{"key":"152994_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Larkin SK, Hern\u00e1ndez C, van Beers EJ, et al. The RoxyScan is a novel measurement of red blood cell deformability under oxidative and shear stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14(1):6344.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56814-8"},{"key":"152994_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Staro\u0144 A, M\u0105kosa G, Koter-Michalak M. Oxidative stress in erythrocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2012;32(2):331\u20134.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-010-1611-2"},{"key":"152994_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Choudhary N, Bhatt LK, Prabhavalkar KS. Experimental animal models for rheumatoid arthritis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40(3):193\u2013200.","DOI":"10.1080\/08923973.2018.1434793"},{"key":"152994_B18","unstructured":"18. Hou W, Meng L, Tian L, et al. A systematic comparison between collagen-induced arthritis and pristane-induced arthritis in Dark Agouti rats. 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Commensal brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) as a carrier of potential zoonotic parasites in the urban area of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Wien Tierarztl Monat - Vet Med Austria 2024; 111:Doc4."},{"key":"152994_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Christopher MM, Hawkins MG, et al. Poikilocytosis in rabbits: prevalence, type, and association with disease. PLoS One 2014; 9(11):e112455.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112455"},{"key":"152994_B24","unstructured":"24. Katica M, Jankovi\u0107 O, Tandir F, et al. The effects of calcium aluminate and calcium silicate cements implantation on haematological profile in rats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2020; 26(3):427\u201334."},{"key":"152994_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Summers GD, Metsios GS, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A, et al. Rheumatoid cachexia and cardiovascular disease. 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Shamlan G, Al-Nouri DM, Alathbah AA, et al. Antiarthritic, anti-inflammatory activity of Moringa peregrina seed oil and leaves in Freund\u2019s complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. 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