{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:10:59Z","timestamp":1767705059067,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Thyroid hormones exert pleiotropic effects on lipid and glucose metabolism, blood pressure regulation, and energy expenditure. Thyroid dysfunction is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The association between thyroid pathology and the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has emerged as a significant clinical focus, as both conditions contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. Studies indicate that patients with overt and subclinical hypothyroidism have a higher risk of developing MetS. Even in euthyroid individuals, TSH levels in the upper normal range (&amp;gt;2.5 mIU\/L) are significantly associated with increased MetS prevalence.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim<\/jats:bold>\n                    : To investigate the correlations between thyroid dysfunction and metabolic syndrome, with a specific focus on age and sex differences.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Materials and methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    : This naturally randomized observational study included 726 patients with thyroid pathology hospitalized at the Clinic of Endocrinology, St George University Hospital in Plovdiv between October 2019 and December 2021. Data were extracted from the electronic system GammaCodeMaster and medical records, including clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameter.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : The study revealed a trend of increasing MetS prevalence with advancing age. The highest proportions of patients with MetS were observed in the 51\u201361 and 62\u201372 age groups, accounting for 39.1% and 29.7%, respectively. A statistically significant positive correlation between TSH levels and age was also established (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt;0.05).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Given these findings, it is essential to assess the presence of MetS components in patients with thyroid pathology, as the combination of these factors considerably increases cardiovascular risk.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.67.e159172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T12:08:54Z","timestamp":1761653334000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Thyroid dysfunction and metabolic syndrome: age- and sex-related associations in hospitalized patients"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9444-7265","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stefanka Z.","family":"Kisova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria M.","family":"Orbetzova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristian R.","family":"Argirov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"159172_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. 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