{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T14:19:48Z","timestamp":1780928388131,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["FM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that is frequently associated with obesity and metabolic comorbidities.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim<\/jats:bold>\n                    : To evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI), sex, type of psoriasis, and to assess the relationship between increased body mass and metabolic disorders in patients with psoriasis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Materials and methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    : A retrospective analysis of 184 patients [68 (37%) women, 116 (63%) men] with clinically and histologically confirmed psoriasis was performed. The patients were stratified by sex and type of psoriasis (type 1 with onset of psoriasis before the age of 40 and type 2 with onset after the age of 40.) We used three different categories for the BMI: normal body weight with BMI &amp;lt;25, overweight with BMI in the range of 25\u201330, and obese BMI &amp;gt;30.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Overall, 83% of men and 66% of women had a BMI of 25 or higher. Overweight or obesity occurred in 69% of patients with type 1 psoriasis and 80% of those with type 2 psoriasis. Men with late-onset psoriasis had the highest BMI scores. Increased BMI was linked to hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Obesity and overweight are common among psoriasis patients and are linked to metabolic comorbidities, especially in men and those with late-onset disease. Routine metabolic screening should be integrated into psoriasis management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.68.e167943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T13:26:54Z","timestamp":1780925214000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The association between psoriasis and body mass index: an observational retrospective study of 184 patients"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Dzhamile","family":"Kamber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klimentina","family":"Gospodinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Gincheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5400-3683","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ivelina","family":"Yordanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6800-4671","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dimitar","family":"Gospodinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"167943_B1","unstructured":"Tsankov N, editor. Psoriasis as a systemic disease. 1st ed. Saarbr\u00fccken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing; 2016, 208 p."},{"key":"167943_B2","unstructured":"Sharma H, Varma K, Singh U, et al. Association of metabolic syndrome with psoriasis vulgaris: a case\u2011control study. Indian J Clin Exp Dermatol 2016;2(1):12\u20136."},{"key":"167943_B3"},{"key":"167943_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Secchiero P, Rimondi E, Marcuzzi A, et al. Metabolic syndrome and psoriasis: pivotal roles of chronic inflammation and gut microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2024;25(15):8098.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158098"},{"key":"167943_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mustat\u0103 M, Neagoe CD, R\u0103dulescu VM, et al. Association between systemic inflammation, metabolic syndrome and quality of life in psoriasis patients. Life (Basel) 2025;15(212):1\u201322.","DOI":"10.3390\/life15020212"},{"key":"167943_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Etg\u00fc F, Dervis E. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis vulgaris: a hospital\u2011based cross\u2011sectional study. Cureus 2024; 16(8).","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.68037"},{"key":"167943_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kattoof WM. Re-evaluation of psoriatic patients with metabolic syndrome: a case-control study searching for the highly prevalent criteria. Indian J Public Health Res Dev 2020;11(1):1633\u20138.","DOI":"10.37506\/ijphrd.v11i1.1153"},{"key":"167943_B8","unstructured":"Gospodinov D, Gospodinova K. [Psoriasis comorbidity: clinical and epidemiological analysis of hospitalized patients]. Dermatologia Venerol Sofia 2014;52(2):28038 [Bulgarian]."},{"key":"167943_B9","unstructured":"Dasc\u01celu RC, B\u01cerbulescu AL, Dinescu \u015eC, et al. Metabolic syndrome in psoriasis patients: observational study. Curr Health Sci J 2024;50(2):215\u201322."},{"key":"167943_B10","unstructured":"Raza MH, Iftikhar N, Mashhood AA, et al. Frequency of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2021;33(3):484\u20137."},{"key":"167943_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konda D, Mathurthi G, Taranikanti M. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in female patients with psoriasis. Indian J Cardiovasc Dis Women 2024;9(4):221\u20134.","DOI":"10.25259\/IJCDW_65_2023"},{"key":"167943_B12"},{"key":"167943_B13"},{"key":"167943_B14"},{"key":"167943_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lara T, Ricceri F, Pescitelli L, et al. Severity of psoriasis and body mass index: the cut-offs are overweight patients rather than obese ones. J Clin Exp Dermatol Res 2013;3(5):165\u20137.","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9554.1000165"},{"key":"167943_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma H, Saxena N, Chaudhari U, et al. An understanding of interlink of psoriasis with metabolic syndrome: a case-control study. Int J Clin Biochem Res 2019;6(4):490\u20133.","DOI":"10.18231\/j.ijcbr.2019.102"},{"key":"167943_B17"},{"key":"167943_B18"},{"key":"167943_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mustata M, Neagoe C, Ionescu M, et al. Psoriasis management. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024;14(8):1774.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14161774"},{"key":"167943_B20","unstructured":"Voiculescu VM, Lupu M, Papagheorghe L, et al. Psoriasis and metabolic syndrome\u2014 scientific evidence and therapeutic implications. J Med Life 2014;7(4):468\u201371."},{"key":"167943_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellinato F, Maurelli M, Geat D, et al. Managing the patient with psoriasis and metabolic comorbidities. Am J Clin Dermatol 2024;25(4):527\u201340.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-024-00857-0"}],"container-title":["Folia Medica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/167943\/download\/pdf\/","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/167943\/download\/xml\/","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article_preview.php?id=167943&skip_redirect=1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T13:27:02Z","timestamp":1780925222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/foliamedica.bg\/article\/167943\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3897\/folmed.68.e167943","relation":{},"ISSN":["1314-2143","0204-8043"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1314-2143","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0204-8043","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"article-number":"e167943"}}