{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T18:06:40Z","timestamp":1788977200824,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["imafungus"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a genus of plant-pathogenic fungi that are soil-borne and widely distributed globally. Baiting with plant tissues is commonly used to isolate these\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. from soils, but the choice of effective baits is typically not based on experimental evidence. In this study, samples of forest soil were collected from five provinces in southeastern, southern, northeastern, central, and southwestern China. A total of 1,040 soil samples were exposed to 26 different baits, resulting in 1,282\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates. Based on DNA sequence analyses of the\n                    <jats:italic>tef1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>tub2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>cmdA<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>his3<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene regions, the isolates were identified as eight\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. The number of species,\n                    <jats:italic>tef1<\/jats:italic>\n                    -\n                    <jats:italic>tub2<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotypes, and isolates obtained from each of the 26 baits was compared. The efficacies and diversities of the baits for detecting\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria<\/jats:italic>\n                    were evaluated for the genus as a whole and for each of the eight\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. At both the genus and species levels, leaf baits performed better than seed baits, and several baits had consistently higher efficacy. Germinating\n                    <jats:italic>Medicago sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    (alfalfa) seed baits, commonly used in previous studies, were not the most efficient means of isolating\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria<\/jats:italic>\n                    from the soil, and seeds of\n                    <jats:italic>Lythrum salicaria<\/jats:italic>\n                    provided comparable results.\n                    <jats:italic>Eucalyptus urophylla<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaves were most effective in isolating\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria pseudoreteaudii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which is an important\n                    <jats:italic>Eucalyptus<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaf blight pathogen. This suggests that baiting with leaves of the target host plant could produce optimum results when considering a particular pathogen. Based on the overall results, combined baiting with seeds of\n                    <jats:italic>M. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>L. salicaria<\/jats:italic>\n                    and leaves of a variety of plants, including, where possible, the target host plant, is recommended to obtain\n                    <jats:italic>Calonectria<\/jats:italic>\n                    from soil samples in China and other regions of the world.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/imafungus.17.190896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T17:14:55Z","timestamp":1788974095000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A comparison of twenty-six baits for isolating Calonectria species illustrates differences in their efficacy and relevance"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"HuiXia","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Forest Pathogen Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HongBin","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Forest Pathogen Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WenWen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Forest Pathogen Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Wingfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ShuaiFei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Forest Pathogen Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"190896_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmpp.2022.101917"},{"key":"190896_B2","unstructured":"Crous PW (2002) Taxonomy and pathology of Cylindrocladium (Calonectria) and allied genera. APS Press, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA."},{"key":"190896_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00275514.1997.12026830"},{"key":"190896_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3767\/003158512X661589"},{"key":"190896_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-03-14-0233-RE"},{"key":"190896_B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-phyto-082718-100156"},{"key":"190896_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.13008"},{"key":"190896_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10327-017-0724-9"},{"key":"190896_B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02463917"},{"key":"190896_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1536(60)80048-4"},{"key":"190896_B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10635150390235520"},{"key":"190896_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-02-22-0443-RE"},{"key":"190896_B13","unstructured":"Hunter BB, Bulluck MA, Balling J (1980) A rapid method for identifying and recovering species of Cylindrocladium from soil via geranium leaf baiting and a selective medium. Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science 54: 157\u2013160."},{"key":"190896_B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/Phyto-66-51"},{"key":"190896_B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst010"},{"key":"190896_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054"},{"key":"190896_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-018-8936-2"},{"key":"190896_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.13003"},{"key":"190896_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.13209"},{"key":"190896_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42483-023-00183-z"},{"key":"190896_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/Phyto-62-736"},{"key":"190896_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7100857"},{"key":"190896_B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/mycokeys.26.14688"},{"key":"190896_B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simyco.2020.08.001"},{"key":"190896_B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funbio.2024.07.007"},{"key":"190896_B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40725-025-00262-8"},{"key":"190896_B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9020198"},{"key":"190896_B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3767\/003158510X486568"},{"key":"190896_B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3767\/003158511X615086"},{"key":"190896_B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.simyco.2014.11.003"},{"key":"190896_B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07060661.2011.593558"},{"key":"190896_B32","unstructured":"Old KM, Wingfield MJ, Yuan ZQ (2003) A manual of diseases of Eucalyptus in South-East Asia. Center for International Forestry Research, Jakarta, Indonesia."},{"key":"190896_B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00275514.2018.1522179"},{"key":"190896_B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/mycokeys.94.96301"},{"key":"190896_B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11557-021-01768-8"},{"key":"190896_B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msn083"},{"key":"190896_B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197"},{"key":"190896_B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2989\/20702620.2023.2179441"},{"key":"190896_B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-280X.1998.00161.x"},{"key":"190896_B40","unstructured":"Vitale A, Crous PW, Lombard L et al. (2013) Calonectria diseases on ornamental plants in Europe and the Mediterranean basin: an overview. Journal of Plant Pathology 95: 463\u2013476."},{"key":"190896_B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7020073"},{"key":"190896_B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof9080802"}],"container-title":["IMA Fungus"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/imafungus.pensoft.net\/article\/190896\/download\/pdf\/","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/imafungus.pensoft.net\/article\/190896\/download\/xml\/","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/imafungus.pensoft.net\/article_preview.php?id=190896&skip_redirect=1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T17:14:59Z","timestamp":1788974099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/imafungus.pensoft.net\/article\/190896\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"references-count":42,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3897\/imafungus.17.190896","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-6359","2210-6340"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-6359","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2210-6340","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"article-number":"e190896"}}