{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T11:47:52Z","timestamp":1747223272133,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Pensoft Publishers","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PK"],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Calamagrostis<\/jats:italic> (syn. <jats:italic>Deyeuxia<\/jats:italic>), as traditionally circumscribed, is one of the most speciose genera from p\u00e1ramo grasslands of northwest South America and southern Central America and often dominates these high-elevation habitats. However, it remains difficult for researchers to accurately identify the species due to a lack of floristic treatments for most of the countries containing p\u00e1ramo, with the distribution of many species still very poorly known. In an effort to ameliorate this, we present an updated list and identification keys in English and Spanish (as electronic appendix) to the species of <jats:italic>Calamagrostis<\/jats:italic> s.l. known or likely to occur in the p\u00e1ramos of Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica and Panama. Fifty-four species are accepted, constituting 47 species currently circumscribed in <jats:italic>Calamagrostis<\/jats:italic> and seven species recently transferred to <jats:italic>Deschampsia<\/jats:italic>. Included within this are two new species, <jats:italic>Calamagrostiscrispifolius<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Deschampsiasantamartensis<\/jats:italic>, which are described and illustrated. Both new species are found in p\u00e1ramos of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (departamento Magdalena), on the northernmost tip of Colombia, with <jats:italic>C.crispifolius<\/jats:italic> also found in the Serrania de Perija on the border with Venezuela. <jats:italic>Calamagrostiscrispifolius<\/jats:italic> differs from all other species of <jats:italic>Calamagrostis<\/jats:italic> s.l. by the presence of strongly curled, readily deciduous leaf blades, amongst numerous other characteristics including open inflorescences with generally patent branches, small spikelets, (3.5\u2013)4\u20135.5 mm long, with sessile florets and a rachilla prolongation reaching from 2\/3 to almost the apex of the lemma, with short hairs (&amp;lt; 1 mm long). <jats:italic>Deschampsiasantamartensis<\/jats:italic> is similar to <jats:italic>Deschampsiahackelii<\/jats:italic> (=<jats:italic>Calamagrostishackelii<\/jats:italic>) from austral South America but differs by its broad, rigid and erect, strongly conduplicate blades, 1.5\u20132.5 mm wide when folded, ligules of innovations 0.5\u20131 mm long, truncate or obtuse, ligules of upper flowering culms 3\u20134 mm long, broadly shouldered with an attenuate central point, ellipsoid spike-like panicle, 3\u20135.5 long \u00d7 1.5\u20132.5 cm wide, lemma surfaces moderately to lightly scabrous between the veins, lemma apex acute to muticous, entire, rachilla extension often absent and inside of the floret often with hyaline shiny sinuous trichomes to 1 mm long, emerging from the base of the ovary. We also present a broader circumscription of the common species <jats:italic>Deschampsiapodophora<\/jats:italic> (=<jats:italic>Calamagrostispodophora<\/jats:italic>), with the new variety D.podophoravar.mutica described and illustrated. Deschampsiapodophoravar.mutica principally differs from var. podophora by florets lacking awns and larger habit i.e. multiple taller culms with longer and wider leaf blades forming tussocks, with inflorescences often held within sheaths. Nomenclatural changes are presented, with <jats:italic>Deyeuxiamacrostachya<\/jats:italic> newly synonymised under <jats:italic>C.macrophylla<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C.pittieri<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C.pubescens<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Deyeuxiapubescens<\/jats:italic> newly synonimised under <jats:italic>C.planifolia<\/jats:italic>. Lectotypes are designated for <jats:italic>Agrostisantoniana<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Calamagrostispisinna<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Deyeuxiamacrostachya<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Deyeuxiasodiroana<\/jats:italic>. We also document and give notes on five new records of <jats:italic>Calamagrostis<\/jats:italic> for Colombia: <jats:italic>C.carchiensis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C.guamanensis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C.heterophylla<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C.pisinna<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C.rigida<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3897\/phytokeys.122.33032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T09:04:31Z","timestamp":1559034271000},"page":"29-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["P\u00e1ramo Calamagrostis s.l. (Poaceae): An updated list and key to the species known or likely to occur in p\u00e1ramos of NW South America and southern Central America including two new species, one new variety and five new records for Colombia"],"prefix":"10.3897","volume":"122","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5577-8782","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Steven P.","family":"Sylvester","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8358-4915","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robert J.","family":"Soreng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Bravo-Pedraza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lia E.","family":"Cuta-Alarcon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Giraldo-Ca\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Aguilar-Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2258","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"33032_B1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Poaceae.","author":"Bono","year":"2010","journal-title":"Universita degle Studi di Firenze, Firenze"},{"key":"33032_B2","first-page":"599","article-title":"Capitulo XXI Familia Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnhart (Gramineae).","author":"Brice\u00f1o","year":"2010","journal-title":"2. Centro Editorial Litoramma C. 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Gramineae.","volume":"4","author":"Pohl","year":"1980","journal-title":"Fieldiana Botany"},{"key":"33032_B28","first-page":"240","article-title":"47. Calamagrostis Adans.","author":"Pohl","year":"1994","journal-title":"Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico, D. F."},{"key":"33032_B29","first-page":"814","article-title":"S\u00edntesis final. Visi\u00f3n integradora sobre la regi\u00f3n del p\u00e1ramo.","author":"Rangel-Churio","year":"2000","journal-title":"La regi\u00f3n de vida paramuna. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales-Instituto Alexander von Humboldt. Bogot\u00e1 D.C."},{"year":"2010","author":"Rangel-Churio","key":"33032_B30"},{"issue":"2\u20134","key":"33032_B31","first-page":"417","article-title":"Las especies patag\u00f3nicas del genero Deyeuxia Clar. 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