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The response to infliximab was classified according to the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response criteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>By 30 weeks, infliximab produced a significant overall reduction in DAS28 among the 20 patients with RA, although only 12 achieved a good to moderate response based on EULAR response criteria. A significant reduction in CX3CL1 was seen in the responsive group, although infliximab treatment had no significant effect on the serum levels of the other 3 chemokines. Comparison of patients with lower (&lt; 2000 pg\/ml) and higher (\u2265 2000 pg\/ml) basal CX3CL1 levels revealed that DAS28, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and CX3CL1 levels were all significantly diminished by infliximab in RA patients with lower basal CX3CL1 levels, but not in those with higher basal levels. In addition, cell-surface expression of CX3CR1 protein in peripheral blood CD8+CD3+ T cells and mRNA expression of CX3CR1 in lymphocytes were both significantly downregulated after infliximab treatment in the responsive group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 system in patients with active RA may be sensitive to anti-tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 therapy, and confirm that CX3CL1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.081074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,16]],"date-time":"2009-04-16T01:05:56Z","timestamp":1239843956000},"page":"1158-1165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Correlation of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 Levels with Response to Infliximab Therapy in Patients with Rheumatoid 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