{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:12:39Z","timestamp":1790143959939,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To examine the preventive effects of prophylaxis against\n                      <jats:italic>Pneumocystis jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n                      -induced pneumonia (PCP) in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are colonized by this organism.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We performed molecular testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for\n                      <jats:italic>P. jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n                      on induced sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of 82 patients with RA. During primary prophylaxis, asymptomatic carriers of this organism were examined by high-resolution computed tomography and PCR every 2 weeks. RA patients who had developed PCP received PCR tests every week. Once negative results were obtained, PCR testing was scheduled at Months 1, 3, and 6, followed by reexaminations every 6 months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found 9 cases of asymptomatic carriage of\n                      <jats:italic>P. jiroveci.<\/jats:italic>\n                      All the carriers had received low doses of methotrexate. Upon introduction of PCP prophylaxis, 5 cases tested negative for PCR within 1 month. Three carriers developed PCP before starting prophylaxis, but these tested negative for PCR after short periods (1\u20132 weeks) of PCP treatment. Once\n                      <jats:italic>P. jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n                      was eradicated, all cases maintained negative PCR results during followup without prophylactic intervention, even after resuming immunosuppressive therapy. One patient refused PCP prophylaxis, but no PCP developed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      RA patients with asymptomatic carriage of\n                      <jats:italic>P. jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n                      benefited from short-term prophylaxis against PCP. Positive PCR results appeared to be predictive of future development of PCP in RA patients. Identification of\n                      <jats:italic>P. jiroveci<\/jats:italic>\n                      carriers will encourage prompt introduction of PCP prophylaxis when rheumatologists consider immunosuppressive therapy for RA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.081270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,16]],"date-time":"2009-06-16T22:00:51Z","timestamp":1245189651000},"page":"1600-1605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["A Followup Study of Asymptomatic Carriers of\n                    <i>Pneumocystis jiroveci<\/i>\n                    During Immunosuppressive Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"SHUNSUKE","family":"MORI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ISAMU","family":"CHO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MINEHARU","family":"SUGIMOTO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339548"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(95)80009-3"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-002-0758-5"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/71.1.5"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(05)70368-9"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10165-006-0502-6"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10165-005-0395-9"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10165-008-0037-0"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh071"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.072967"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93062-E"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92008-6"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.7.594"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503163321101"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199706010-00002"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/82.9.1052"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/71.1.102"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/38.5.475"},{"key":"2018112909205119000_36.8.1600.19","unstructured":"Hashimoto H Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in autoimmune disease [Japanese]. 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