{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:04:39Z","timestamp":1761609879537},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies are a serological marker for rheumatoid arthritis (RA); up to 10%\u201315% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are also positive. While anti-CCP in RA is citrulline-dependent, anti-CCP in some other diseases is citrulline-independent and reacts with both CCP and the unmodified (arginine-containing) cyclic arginine peptide (CAP). We investigated the citrulline dependence of anti-CCP and its significance in the arthritis of SLE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>IgG anti-CCP was compared by ELISA to anti-CAP in sera from patients with SLE (n = 335) and RA (n = 47) and healthy controls (n = 35). SLE patients were divided into 5 groups based on their joint involvement: subset I: deforming\/erosive arthritis (n = 20); II: arthritis fulfilling (or likely fulfilling) American College of Rheumatology criteria for RA but without erosions (n = 18); III: joint swelling but not fulfilling RA criteria (n = 39); IV: arthritis without documented joint swelling (n = 194); and V: no arthritis (n = 58).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-CCP (&gt; 1.7 units) was found in 68% (32\/47) of patients with RA and 17% (55\/329) of those with SLE. It was more common in SLE patients with deforming\/erosive arthritis (38%). High anti-CCP (&gt; 10 units) was found in RA (26%) and deforming\/erosive SLE (12%). High anti-CCP\/CAP ratios (&gt; 2, indicating a selectivity to CCP) were found in 91% of anti-CCP-positive RA and 50% of anti-CCP-positive SLE patients with deforming\/erosive arthritis. Patients from subset II did not have high anti-CCP\/CAP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Citrulline dependence or high levels (&gt; 10) of anti-CCP were common in SLE patients with deforming\/erosive arthritis, while most anti-CCP in SLE patients was citrulline-independent. This may be useful in identifying a subset of SLE patients with high risk for development of deforming\/erosive arthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,3]],"date-time":"2009-11-03T02:35:31Z","timestamp":1257215731000},"page":"2682-2690","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Citrulline Dependence of Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus as a Marker of Deforming\/Erosive Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"PRASANTHI","family":"KAKUMANU","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ERIC S.","family":"SOBEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SONALI","family":"NARAIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YI","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JUN","family":"AKAOGI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YOSHIOKI","family":"YAMASAKI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MARK S.","family":"SEGAL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PAULETTE C.","family":"HAHN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"EDWARD K.L.","family":"CHAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WESTLEY H.","family":"REEVES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MINORU","family":"SATOH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2018112909213656000_36.12.2682.1","unstructured":"Wallace DJ . 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