{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:12Z","timestamp":1790553612598,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>New bone formation of the spine is a typical feature of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). It is unknown whether new bone formation is part of a physiological repair process or a unique pathological entity of the disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed zygapophyseal joints from patients with AS and osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing spinal surgery for rigid hyperkyphosis (AS) or radiculopathy caused by severe OA. In 17 patients with AS, 11 with OA, and 5 controls we performed immunohistochemical analysis of osteoprotegerin (OPG), nuclear factor-\u03baB ligand (RANKL), and osteocalcin (OC) expression in osteoblasts and determined the trabecular thickness in AS and OA patients and controls. Osteoclasts were detected by tartrate-resistant alkaline phosphatase (TRAP) staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trabecular thickness was significantly lower in patients with AS compared to OA (p = 0.01). The absolute number of CD56+ osteoblasts (p &lt; 0.001) and OC+ (p = 0.002), OPG+ (p = 0.003), and RANKL+ osteoblasts (p = 0.03) in AS patients was also significantly lower than in OA patients. The percentages of OC+, OPG+, and RANKL+ osteoblasts did not differ between AS and OA (p &gt; 0.05 in all cases). In controls, the percentages of OPG+ (p = 0.013) and OC+ (p = 0.034) but not RANKL+ (p &gt; 0.05) osteoblasts were significantly lower compared to AS patients. The frequency of TRAP+ osteoclasts in AS patients was significantly lower compared to OA (p &lt; 0.001), but higher compared to controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunohistochemical analysis of zygapophyseal joints suggested that osteoblast activity is similar in AS and OA, indicating that new bone formation is possibly a physiological function of repair in both diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,15]],"date-time":"2010-02-15T20:55:17Z","timestamp":1266267317000},"page":"823-828","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Immunohistochemical Analysis of Osteoblasts in Zygapophyseal Joints of Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Reveal Repair Mechanisms Similar to Osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"HEINER","family":"APPEL","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"REN\u00c9","family":"MAIER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CHRISTOPH","family":"LODDENKEMPER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RALPH","family":"KAYSER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"OLIVER","family":"MEIER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AXEL","family":"HEMPFING","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JOACHIM","family":"SIEPER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.091793"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1538"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23260"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197101000-00007","article-title":"Pathology of ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"74","author":"Cruickshank","year":"1971","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5602.412"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21907"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380407"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200009)43:9<2011::AID-ANR12>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.33B1.56","article-title":"The manubrio-sternal joint in ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"33","author":"Savill","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22060"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2035"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.13","first-page":"1738","article-title":"Involvement of the zygapophyseal joint in ankylosing spondylitis: relation to the bridging syndesmophyte","volume":"26","author":"de Vlam","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.14","unstructured":"Francois R . Le rachis dans la spondylarthrite ankylosante [thesis]. Brussels: University of Louvain; 1976."},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0270"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2005.02.017"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M501900200"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80209-3"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/119.3.559"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel045"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23290"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2003.06.001"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.23","unstructured":"Ball J . Pathology and pathogenesis. In: Ankylosing spondylitis. Moll JMH , editor. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1980:96\u2013112."},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700710111"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-008-0058-x"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2005.02.013"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.02298"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2005.03.016"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080901"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2006.12.014"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.22.17.6100-6110.2002"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24483"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.066415"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.34","first-page":"429","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic disc degeneration and osteoarthritis of the lumbar spine in Britain and Japan: a comparative study","volume":"27","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.35","first-page":"842","article-title":"The distribution, determinants, and clinical correlates of vertebral osteophytosis: a population based survey","volume":"26","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000146457.83240.eb"},{"key":"2018112909224116000_37.4.823.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2642","article-title":"Progress in spondylarthritis. Mechanisms of new bone formation in spondyloarthritis","volume":"1","author":"Lories","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.090986","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T12:39:28Z","timestamp":1543495168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jrheum.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.090986"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,15]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3899\/jrheum.090986"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.090986","relation":{},"ISSN":["0315-162X","1499-2752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0315-162X","type":"print"},{"value":"1499-2752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,15]]}}}