{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T10:55:37Z","timestamp":1791888937843,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the potential role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to evaluate the effect of a tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) inhibitor (infliximab) and an interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra; anakinra) on DKK-1 secretion in patients with RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum samples were collected from 100 patients with RA, 100 patients with other rheumatic diseases (e.g., osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis), and 40 healthy controls. DKK-1 and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in serum were detected by ELISA. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF) titers, and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody were also measured in patients with RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The serum level of DKK-1 was significantly higher in patients with RA than in healthy controls and those with other rheumatic diseases (p &lt; 0.01); the serum DKK-1 level was correlated with levels of CRP (r = 0.488, p = 0.003) and ESR (r = 0.458, p = 2.4 x 10<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>) and the Sharp score of radiologic change (r = 0.449, p = 0.001) in RA. In contrast to the increasing level of OPG, DKK-1 was significantly decreased in RA patients treated with TNF-\u03b1 inhibitor (p &lt; 0.01). DKK-1 was significantly decreased in RA patients treated with IL-1Ra (p &lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>DKK-1, as an important mediator, was correlated with bone erosion and inflammation in RA. 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