{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T05:06:12Z","timestamp":1773810372723,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the pain threshold in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compared with healthy children by using a digital pressure algometer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty-eight children with JIA born between 1995 and 2000 and 91 age-related healthy children participated in the study. We used a digital pressure algometer to measure the pain threshold on 17 symmetric, anatomically predefined joint-related or bone-related areas. All children were asked to rate their current pain on a Faces Pain Scale, and parents of children with JIA were asked to complete a parental revised version of the Child Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ-R). Clinical data were registered on children with JIA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pain threshold was significantly lower among children with JIA (total mean PT = 1.33 \u00b1 0.69 kg\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) when compared with the healthy control group (total mean PT = 1.77 \u00b1 0.67 kg\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). The same pattern was found in all areas measured, including negative control areas that are normally unaffected in JIA (p = 0.0001 to 0.005). Overall, the pain threshold was 34% lower in females than in males in both groups (p &lt; 0.0001). We found no correlation between pain threshold and age, current pain experience, disease duration, or disease activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with JIA had a substantially lower pain threshold even in areas usually unaffected by arthritis. Our findings suggest that JIA alters the pain perception and causes decreased pain threshold.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,2]],"date-time":"2013-05-02T04:27:39Z","timestamp":1367468859000},"page":"1212-1217","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Decreased Pain Threshold in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Cross-sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Leegaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanne Jeppesen","family":"Lomholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Thastum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Troels","family":"Herlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749609104061","article-title":"Quantitative and qualitative assessments of pain in children with juvenile chronic arthritis based on the Norwegian version of the Pediatric Pain Questionnaire","volume":"25","author":"Benestad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10986"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10661"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.091375"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.5","first-page":"368","article-title":"Assessment of nonarticular tenderness and prevalence of fibromyalgia in children","volume":"20","author":"Buskila","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200009000-00015"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.7","first-page":"610","article-title":"Decreased pain threshold in children with growing pains","volume":"31","author":"Hashkes","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.02.001"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/34.1.61"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-002-0040-y"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.01.003"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20238"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.13","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Pain experience and pain coping strategies in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"28","author":"Thastum","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21081"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1790060404"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749709105316","article-title":"Cold pressor pain: comparing responses of juvenile arthritis patients and their parents","volume":"26","author":"Thastum","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0306-5251.2001.01527.x"},{"key":"2018112909314473000_40.7.1212.18","unstructured":"Firestein GS Budd RC Harris EJ McInnes IB Ruddy S Sergent JS . 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