{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:22:48Z","timestamp":1790234568693,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bone loss is a recognized feature of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The binding of microRNA-21 (miR-21) to programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) could inhibit the expression of PDCD4 and further induce the activation of osteoclasts. In the present study, we compared the difference in miR-21 expression between patients with AS and healthy controls, and evaluated the relationships of miR-21, PDCD4 mRNA, and bone erosion in patients with AS. The influences of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) on the expressions of miR-21 and PDCD4 mRNA in patients with AS were also assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whole blood miR-21 and PDCD4 mRNA expression were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR among 122 patients with AS and 122 healthy controls. The serum level of collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX) was measured using ELISA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>When compared to controls, patients with AS had significantly higher levels of miR-21, PDCD4 mRNA, and CTX. MiR-21 expression was negatively correlated with PDCD4 mRNA expression in patients with AS who were taking neither NSAID nor DMARD. Interestingly, significantly positive correlations between miR-21 expression with PDCD4 mRNA expression (r = 0.33, p = 0.01) and CTX level (r = 0.44, p &lt; 0.01) were observed in patients with AS who were taking sulfasalazine. Positive correlations of miR-21 and CTX level were also observed in AS patients with disease duration &lt; 7.0 years (r = 0.36, p = 0.004) and active disease (r = 0.42, p = 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The expression of miR-21 might have a role in the development of AS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.130515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,2]],"date-time":"2014-05-02T03:35:07Z","timestamp":1399001707000},"page":"1104-1111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Higher Expression of Whole Blood MicroRNA-21 in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Associated with Programmed Cell Death 4 mRNA Expression and Collagen Cross-linked C-telopeptide Concentration"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Chun-Huang","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James 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