{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T08:53:24Z","timestamp":1784969604574,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dactylitis, a characteristic feature of the spondyloarthropathies, occurs in up to 48% of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). No clear consensus on the underlying components and pathogenesis of dactylitis exists in the literature. We undertook a systematic review of ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) literature to better define imaging elements that contribute to the dactylitic digit seen in PsA. Our objectives were to determine first the level of homogeneity of each imaging modality\u2019s definition of the components of dactylitis, and second, to evaluate the metric properties of each imaging modality according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials (OMERACT) filter.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Searches were performed in PUBMED and EMBASE for articles pertaining to MRI, US, and dactylitis. Data regarding the reported features of dactylitis were collected and categorized, and the metrological qualities of the studies were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most commonly described features of dactylitis were flexor tendon tenosynovitis and joint synovitis (90%). Extratendinous soft tissue thickening and extensor tendonitis were described nearly equally as being present and absent. Discrepancy exists as to whether entheses proper contribute to the etiology of dactylitis. An increasing number of studies categorize abnormalities in several tissue compartments including the soft tissue, tendon sheaths, and joints, as well as ligaments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>The understanding of which tissues contribute to dactylitic inflammation has evolved. However, there is a lack of literature regarding the natural history of these abnormalities. This systematic review provides guidance in defining elementary lesions that may discriminate dactylitic digits from normal digits, leading to development of a composite measure of activity and severity of dactylitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.130643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,2]],"date-time":"2013-11-02T01:13:53Z","timestamp":1383354833000},"page":"1951-1957","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Psoriatic Dactylitis: Status and Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Catherine J.","family":"Bakewell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignazio","family":"Olivieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sibel Z.","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Dejaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwin","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lene","family":"Terslev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Thiele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Antionetta","family":"D\u2019Agostino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gurjit S.","family":"Kaeley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200104)45:2<151::AID-ANR168>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.2","first-page":"1041","article-title":"Comparison of radiological severity in psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"28","author":"Rahman","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker216"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108233"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.133645"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.6","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Dactylitis or \u201csausage-shaped\u201d digit","volume":"34","author":"Olivieri","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21972"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(98)80027-9"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.018184"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3516"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.11","first-page":"768","article-title":"Impact of the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound by rheumatologists in patients with shoulder and hand complaints compared with traditional clinical care","volume":"30","author":"Naranjo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.19.3.g99ma03685"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.13","first-page":"198","article-title":"The OMERACT filter for Outcome Measures in Rheumatology","volume":"25","author":"Boers","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00197064","article-title":"Distinctive radiological features of small hand joints in rheumatoid arthritis and seronegative spondyloarthritis demonstrated by contrast-enhanced (Gd-DTPA) magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"24","author":"Jevtic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.04.009"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.16","first-page":"839","article-title":"Summary findings of a systematic review of the ultrasound assessment of synovitis","volume":"34","author":"Joshua","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2006.01.019"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.18","first-page":"1746","article-title":"Ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of psoriatic dactylitis","volume":"26","author":"Kane","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0221-0363(06)74056-2"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390912"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem315"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-008-0882-4"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10633"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.24","first-page":"926","article-title":"Toe dactylitis in patients with spondyloarthropathy: assessment by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"24","author":"Olivieri","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2012.09.004"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090351"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090352"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.28","first-page":"859","article-title":"Developing a magnetic resonance imaging scoring system for peripheral psoriatic arthritis","volume":"34","author":"McQueen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.29","first-page":"1302","article-title":"Measuring dactylitis in clinical trials: which is the best instrument to use?","volume":"34","author":"Healy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.30","first-page":"1564","article-title":"Ultrasonography and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"27","author":"Wakefield","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)12004-9"},{"key":"2018112909321457000_40.12.1951.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10841"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.130643","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T18:30:05Z","timestamp":1543516205000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jrheum.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.130643"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3899\/jrheum.130643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.130643","relation":{},"ISSN":["0315-162X","1499-2752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0315-162X","type":"print"},{"value":"1499-2752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]}}}