{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T02:36:28Z","timestamp":1790649388848,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the prevalence of chronic opioid use in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to compare the characteristics of patients with and without chronic opioid use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with AS identified in the Truven Health MarketScan Research database between January 1, 2012, and March 31, 2017. Commercial and Medicaid claims data were examined using both specific (720.0 and M45.x) and broader (720.x and M45.x) International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding definitions. Patients were aged \u2265 18 years on the date of first qualifying ICD code occurrence (the index date). Demographics and clinical characteristics were assessed in the 12-month period preceding the index date. The 12-month followup period was used to assess prevalence and characteristics of chronic opioid use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic opioid use was common among patients with commercial claims (23.5% of ICD 720.0 patients; 27.3% of ICD 720.x patients), and especially those with Medicaid claims (57.1% and 76.7%, respectively). The proportion of patients with claims for anti\u2013tumor necrosis factor therapies during followup was often low, and for Medicaid patients was lower among those with chronic opioid use (29.6% of ICD 720.0 patients; 2.3% of ICD 720.x patients) than those without (47.1% and 7.1%, respectively). Among chronic opioid users in all cohorts, the cumulative supply of opioids was typically high (\u2265 270 days in the followup period); most opioids prescribed were Schedule II.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with AS receive opioids with disturbing frequency. The infrequent prescription of recommended therapies to these patients reflects a need to optimize treatment further through education of patients and healthcare professionals alike.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.180972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T17:37:34Z","timestamp":1547573854000},"page":"1450-1457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Opioid Use in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Is Common in the United States: Outcomes of a Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5906-4584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor S.","family":"Sloan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Sheahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Stark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert Y.","family":"Suruki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.92"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38070"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38068","article-title":"Anti-tumor necrosis factor and new bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis: the controversy continues","volume":"65","author":"Machado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-201252"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21054"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39298","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology\/Spondylitis Association of America\/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network 2015 recommendations for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis","volume":"68","author":"Ward","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38167"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.26.5.1459"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.0935","article-title":"History of The Joint Commission\u2019s pain standards: lessons for today\u2019s prescription opioid epidemic","volume":"317","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2019110109251006000_46.11.1450.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . 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