{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:31:31Z","timestamp":1790415091082,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Being overweight or obese increases rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk among women, particularly among those diagnosed at a younger age. Abdominal obesity may contribute to systemic inflammation more than general obesity; thus, we investigated whether abdominal obesity, compared to general obesity, predicted RA risk in 2 prospective cohorts: the Nurses\u2019 Health Study (NHS) and NHS II.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>We followed 50,682 women (1986\u20132014) in NHS and 47,597 women (1993\u20132015) in NHS II, without RA at baseline. Waist circumference (WC), BMI, health outcomes, and covariate data were collected through biennial questionnaires. Incident RA cases and serologic status were identified by chart review. We examined the associations of WC and BMI with RA risk using time-varying Cox proportional hazards models. We repeated analyses restricted to age \u2264 55 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>During 28 years of follow-up, we identified 844 incident RA cases (527 NHS, 317 NHS II). Women with WC &gt; 88 cm (35 in) had increased RA risk (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06\u20131.41). A similar association was observed for seropositive RA, which was stronger among young and middle-aged women. Further adjustment for BMI attenuated the association to null. In contrast, BMI was associated with RA (HR<jats:sub>BMI \u2265 30 vs &lt; 25<\/jats:sub> 1.33, 95% CI 1.05\u20131.68) and seropositive RA, even after adjusting for WC, and, as in WC analyses, this association was stronger among young and middle-aged women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abdominal obesity was associated with increased RA risk, particularly for seropositive RA, among young and middle-aged women; however, it did not independently contribute to RA risk beyond general obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.200056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T16:19:42Z","timestamp":1594829982000},"page":"165-173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Abdominal Obesity in Comparison with General Obesity and Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis in Women"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8281-681X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie E.","family":"Marchand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5556-4618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Sparks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara K.","family":"Tedeschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Malspeis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen H.","family":"Costenbader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth W.","family":"Karlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022062114101491000_48.2.165.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205459"},{"key":"2022062114101491000_48.2.165.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2022"},{"key":"2022062114101491000_48.2.165.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401106"},{"key":"2022062114101491000_48.2.165.4","first-page":"47","article-title":"Current tobacco smoking, formal education, and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"26","author":"Uhlig","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022062114101491000_48.2.165.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2010.248","article-title":"The relationship of waist circumference and BMI to visceral, subcutaneous, and total body fat: sex and race differences","volume":"19","author":"Camhi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"2022062114101491000_48.2.165.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2016.1235681","article-title":"Does one size fit all? 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