{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T03:51:51Z","timestamp":1792554711446,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the association between novel lifestyle factors on risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD), define the threshold at which smoking increases RA-ILD risk, and calculate the degree to which known lifestyle and clinical factors predict RA-ILD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nested case-control study matched incident RA-ILD cases to RA non-ILD controls on age, sex, RA duration, rheumatoid factor, and time from exposure assessment to RA-ILD. Exposures included education, BMI, smoking, anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, race, joint erosions, rheumatoid nodules, C-reactive protein (CRP), disease activity score, functional status, disease-modifying antirheumatic drug use, and glucocorticoid use. OR for each exposure on risk of RA-ILD were obtained from logistic regression models. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated based on all lifestyle and clinical exposures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 84 incident RA-ILD cases and 233 matched controls. After adjustment, obesity, high-positive CRP (\u2265 10 mg\/L), and poor functional status (multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire [MDHAQ] \u2265 1) were associated with increased risk of RA-ILD (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.11\u20135.24 vs normal BMI; OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.21\u20135.64 vs CRP &lt; 3 mg\/L; OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.32\u20137.26 vs MDHAQ &lt; 0.2). Smoking 30 pack-years or more was strongly associated with risk of RA-ILD compared to never smokers (OR 6.06, 95% CI 2.72\u201313.5). Together, lifestyle and clinical risk factors for RA-ILD had an AUC of 0.79 (95% CI 0.73\u20130.85).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obesity, CRP, functional status, and extensive smoking may be novel risk factors for RA-ILD that may be useful for RA-ILD risk assessment and prevention. The overall ability to predict RA-ILD remains modest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.200863","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,15]],"date-time":"2020-11-15T12:20:18Z","timestamp":1605442818000},"page":"656-663","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Lifestyle and Clinical Risk Factors for Incident Rheumatoid Arthritis-associated Interstitial Lung Disease"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7489-3134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa L.","family":"Kronzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul 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