{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T14:41:31Z","timestamp":1789828891243,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The epidemiology and treatment of peripheral neuropathy in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and treatments of peripheral neuropathy in SSc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review of MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases for literature reporting peripheral neuropathy in SSc was performed. Studies evaluating incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and treatments were synthesized. A metaanalysis using a random effects model was used to evaluate the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This systematic review identified 113 studies that reported 949 of 2143 subjects with at least 1 type of peripheral neuropathy. The mean age was 48.5 years. The mean time between SSc onset and detection of peripheral neuropathy was 8.85 years. The pooled prevalence of neuropathy was 27.37% (95% CI 22.35\u201332.70). Risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in SSc included advanced diffuse disease, anticentromere antibodies, calcinosis cutis, ischemia of the vasa nervorum, iron deficiency anemia, metoclopramide, pembrolizumab, silicosis, and uremia. There were 73 subjects with successful treatments (n = 36 restoring sensation, n = 37 restoring motor or sensorimotor function). Treatments included decompression surgery, prednisone, cyclophosphamide, carbamazepine, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, tricyclic antidepressants, and intravenous Ig.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>All-cause peripheral neuropathy is not uncommon in SSc. Compression neuropathies can be treated with decompression surgery. Observational data reporting immunosuppressives and anticonvulsants to treat peripheral neuropathy in SSc are limited and conflicting. Randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of these interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.201299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T12:26:32Z","timestamp":1625142392000},"page":"1839-1849","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Epidemiology and Treatment of Peripheral Neuropathy in Systemic Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5609-9914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bader A.","family":"AlMehmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fergus Z.","family":"To","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9786-1656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie A.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0591-2976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sindhu R.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7335.466"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.5301\/jsrd.5000256","article-title":"What have multicentre registries across the world taught us about the disease features of systemic sclerosis?","volume":"2","author":"Proudman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Scleroderma Relat Disord"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1164","article-title":"Methods to estimate the between-study variance and its uncertainty in meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Veroniki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280218773520","article-title":"Prediction intervals for random-effects meta-analysis: a confidence distribution approach","volume":"28","author":"Nagashima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.6","first-page":"1046","article-title":"Funnel plots for detecting bias in meta-analysis: guidelines on choice of axis","volume":"54","author":"Sterne","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670200106"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.9","first-page":"9","article-title":"Evidence of a selective nociceptive impairment in systemic sclerosis","volume":"27","author":"Bajocchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.10","first-page":"S15","article-title":"Early detection of median nerve syndrome at the carpal tunnel with high-resolution 18 MHz ultrasonography in systemic sclerosis patients","volume":"28","author":"Bandinelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(88)80009-1","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome as the initial manifestation of scleroderma","volume":"13","author":"Barr","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.12","first-page":"920","article-title":"Heart rate turbulence impairment and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"33","author":"Bienias","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-015-2230-5","article-title":"High-resolution ultrasound of peripheral nerves in systemic sclerosis: a pilot study of computer-aided quantitative assessment of nerve density","volume":"44","author":"Bignotti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1997.d01-689.x","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy in scleroderma successfully treated with amitriptyline","volume":"36","author":"Bondavalli","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/112067219300300408","article-title":"Bilateral optic neuropathy associated with the CREST variant of scleroderma","volume":"3","author":"Boschi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2565(03)71296-X","article-title":"[Neurological involvement in progressive systemic sclerosis]. [Article in Spanish]","volume":"203","author":"Morer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Clin Esp"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(95)80049-2","article-title":"Compression of the ulnar nerve in Guyon\u2019s canal by pseudotumoral calcinosis in systemic scleroderma","volume":"20","author":"Chammas","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.18","first-page":"1231","article-title":"Pupillocynetic activity of substance P in systemic sclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Del Rosso","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.19","first-page":"247","article-title":"[Peripheral nervous system in limited systemic sclerosis]. [Article in Italian]","volume":"56","author":"Del Rosso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reumatismo"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1159\/000116325","article-title":"Progressive systemic sclerosis and nervous system involvement. A review of 14 cases","volume":"26","author":"Dierckx","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.6.1641"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(82)90926-3"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2000.108798"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-013-2206-6","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy: a complication of systemic sclerosis","volume":"32","author":"Frech","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/33.4.323"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749409103029","article-title":"Association of anti-U1RNP- and anti-Scl-70-antibodies with neurological manifestations in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)","volume":"23","author":"Hietarinta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol."},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.27","first-page":"117","article-title":"Cranial nerve VIII involvement in a patient with progressive systemic sclerosis","volume":"97","author":"Iskandar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tenn Med"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.28","first-page":"1092","article-title":"[CRST syndrome and polyneuropathy]. [Article in Spanish]","volume":"38","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Caballero","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1977.11712229","article-title":"Trigeminal neuralgia in progressive systemic sclerosis","volume":"61","author":"Kabadi","year":"1977","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02231789","article-title":"Ilioinguinal nerve entrapment in a patient with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)","volume":"12","author":"Langevitz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.31","first-page":"480","article-title":"Neurological manifestations in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/33.6.594"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.33","first-page":"601","article-title":"Peripheral nervous system involvement in systemic sclerosis: the median nerve as target structure","volume":"14","author":"Lori","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1159\/000247422","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome and systemic sclerosis","volume":"185","author":"Machet","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh559"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket163"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.37","first-page":"27","article-title":"Superior oblique muscle paralysis in the CREST syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Mejias","year":"1986","journal-title":"P R Health Sci J"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.38","first-page":"643","article-title":"Twenty-four hour heart period variability in systemic sclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Morelli","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.39","first-page":"2978","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis presenting with simultaneous retinal vasculitis in one eye and optic neuritis in the other along with severe immune haemolytic anaemia","volume":"7","author":"Moulick","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.6.682"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000246193","article-title":"Progressive systemic sclerosis associated with multiple mononeuropathy","volume":"193","author":"Nitta","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.10.010","article-title":"Chronic progressive sensory ataxic neuropathy associated with limited systemic sclerosis","volume":"241","author":"Nobuhara","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.43","first-page":"233","article-title":"CREST-associated multiple intracranial aneurysms and bilateral optic neuropathies","volume":"11","author":"Ortiz","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1007\/s00393-013-1145-6","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in patients with systemic sclerosis. Prevalence and possible causes","volume":"72","author":"Ostojic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Z Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22818","article-title":"Symptomatic and electrodiagnostic features of peripheral neuropathy in scleroderma","volume":"68","author":"Paik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689709000409"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(89)90007-5","article-title":"Digital nerve calcification in CREST syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Polio","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10439","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy in scleroderma","volume":"28","author":"Poncelet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.038935"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1966.01600250026003"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken065"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1994.tb01120.x","article-title":"Neurotropic ulceration in systemic sclerosis","volume":"19","author":"Sant","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.53","first-page":"661","article-title":"Peripheral nerve dysfunction in scleroderma","volume":"80","author":"Schady","year":"1991","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962011000600003","article-title":"Autoantibodies in scleroderma and their association with the clinical profile of the disease. A study of 66 patients from southern Brazil","volume":"86","author":"Skare","year":"2011","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.55","first-page":"692","article-title":"Cardiovascular autonomic function, autoantibodies, and esophageal motor activity in patients with systemic sclerosis and mixed connective tissue disease","volume":"27","author":"Stacher","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.56","first-page":"641","article-title":"Impotence, carpal tunnel syndrome and peripheral neuropathy as presenting symptoms in progressive systemic sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Sukenik","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2009.08.010"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.58","first-page":"123","article-title":"Trigeminal neuropathy heralding scleroderma: a report of a case","volume":"64","author":"Thompson","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Maine Med Assoc"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.399","article-title":"Fecal incontinence in systemic sclerosis is secondary to neuropathy","volume":"107","author":"Thoua","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(91)90204-O","article-title":"Ulnar nerve compression in Guyon\u2019s canal caused by calcinosis in scleroderma","volume":"16","author":"Thurman","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.61","first-page":"375","article-title":"Trigeminal and peripheral neuropathy in a patient with systemic sclerosis and silicosis","volume":"5","author":"Agarwal","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.21.6.609"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.27.4.367"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1990.tb02039.x"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/34.7.684"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.55.644.423"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197002262820919","article-title":"Trigeminal sensory neuropathy in connective-tissue disease","volume":"282","author":"Gumpel","year":"1970","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880161110"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/37.5.587"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-105-6-973_2","article-title":"Progressive systemic sclerosis and meralgia paraesthetica","volume":"105","author":"Kaufmann","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1080\/03009749950155661","article-title":"Polyneuropathy as initial manifestation of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)","volume":"28","author":"Knupp-Oliveira","year":"1999","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.72","first-page":"704","article-title":"Spinal cord compression by ectopic calcinosis in scleroderma","volume":"23","author":"Lima","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2016.2887","article-title":"Trigeminal neuropathy responding to systemic corticosteroids and methotrexate in a patient with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis","volume":"27","author":"Miguel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00919590"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.75","first-page":"303","article-title":"Brachial plexopathy associated with diffuse edematous scleroderma","volume":"151","author":"Mouthon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Med Interne"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.76","first-page":"30","article-title":"Neurologic manifestations of collagen disease: a report of four cases","volume":"67","author":"Rudusky","year":"1964","journal-title":"Pa Med J"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.77","first-page":"33","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome as the early symptom of rapidly progressive systemic sclerosis in men","volume":"63","author":"Widuchowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wiad Lek."},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/11.3.131"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.79","first-page":"117","article-title":"Scleroderma and its relationship to nervous system disease. Report of a case","volume":"15","author":"Dimitriu","year":"1977","journal-title":"Neurol Psychiatr"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/S0248-8663(02)00600-8","article-title":"[Plexopathy associated with systemic scleroderma]. [Article in French]","volume":"23","author":"Berrut","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.81","first-page":"545","article-title":"Neuropathic arthropathy (Charcot joints) due to cervical osteolysis: a complication of progressive systemic sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Clement","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02043583","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy in the course of progressive systemic sclerosis: light and ultrastructural study","volume":"3","author":"Di Trapani","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ital J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.17116\/jnevro201511510259-63","article-title":"[A case report of bilateral trigeminal sensory neuropathy as one of the initial manifestation of systemic scleroderma (the difficulties of early diagnosis of the primary disease)]. [Article in Russian]","volume":"115","author":"Grachev","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(96)80344-3","article-title":"Compression of the median nerve proximal to the carpal tunnel in scleroderma","volume":"21","author":"Ko","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.10.014","article-title":"Ulnar neuropathy in a patient with systemic sclerosis","volume":"131","author":"Koratala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1361.121"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.87","first-page":"183","article-title":"Scleroderma presents as facial hypoaesthesia","volume":"189","author":"Matthews","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320524","article-title":"Lumbosacral plexopathy in a woman with CREST syndrome and vasculitis","volume":"32","author":"Moore","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.89","first-page":"65","article-title":"Scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis). A case involving polyneuritis and swelling of the lymph nodes","volume":"6","author":"Ofstad","year":"1960","journal-title":"Acta Rheumatol Scand"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00355337","article-title":"Case report 579: progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) with cervical cord compression syndrome, osteolysis and bilateral facet arthropathy","volume":"18","author":"Pinstein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2006.5.5.451","article-title":"Tumoral calcinosis in bilateral facet joints of the lumbar spine in scleroderma. Case report","volume":"5","author":"Shibuya","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(15)31012-X","article-title":"Significant findings from a randomised control trial of posterior tibial nerve stimulation in systemic sclerosis associated faecal incontinence","volume":"148","author":"Butt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.93","first-page":"63","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy in scleroderma","volume":"12","author":"Corbo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Neuropathol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00685970","article-title":"Peripheral neuropathy in course of progressive systemic sclerosis. Light and ultrastructural study","volume":"72","author":"Di Trapani","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/110.6.1463","article-title":"Trigeminal sensory neuropathy. A study of 22 cases","volume":"110","author":"Lecky","year":"1987","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.143.5.933","article-title":"Radiologic and histologic differentiation of neuromuscular disorders of the gastrointestinal tract: visceral myopathies, visceral neuropathies, and progressive systemic sclerosis","volume":"143","author":"Rohrmann","year":"1984","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.29.3.339-a"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198003000-00006","article-title":"Cranial nerve involvement in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma): a report of 10 cases","volume":"59","author":"Teasdall","year":"1980","journal-title":"Medicine."},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1991.tb00415.x","article-title":"Trigeminal sensory-neuropathy in systemic sclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Vicente","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197206000-00005","article-title":"Studies of nerve conduction in patients with scleroderma","volume":"65","author":"Christopher","year":"1972","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-010-1653-6","article-title":"Sonographically guided hydrodissection and corticosteroid injection for scleroderma hand","volume":"30","author":"DeLea","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.102","first-page":"297","article-title":"Evaluation of abnormalities of orthostatic postural control in systemic sclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Giacomini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol."},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1159\/000249723","article-title":"Tactile sensitivity in systemic sclerosis. Assessment of two-point and circle discriminations of the digit","volume":"168","author":"Serup","year":"1984","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.45.11.957"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1793-9","article-title":"Increased stiffness of median nerve in systemic sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Yagci","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555560119122","article-title":"Vibratory perception in patients with generalized scleroderma","volume":"60","author":"Dahlgaard","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.107","first-page":"140","article-title":"Prolonged treatment with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) modulates neuro-gastric motility and plasma levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), motilin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in systemic sclerosis","volume":"31","author":"McNearney","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00503988","article-title":"[Neurological and electrophysiological studies in progressive sclerodermia and morphea]. [Article in German]","volume":"229","author":"Sollberg","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch Klin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203306076223"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03044820","article-title":"[Cardiovascular and pupillary autonomic neuropathy and sensorimotor neuropathy in chronic diseases with autoimmune phenomenons. A comparative study in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease, ulcerative colitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. [Article in German]","volume":"92","author":"Straub","year":"1997","journal-title":"Med Klin"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.111","first-page":"87","article-title":"Autonomic and sensorimotor neuropathy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Straub","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711640310"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.113","first-page":"57","article-title":"Ultrastructural changes of cutaneous nerves in scleroderma","volume":"34","author":"Badakov","year":"1992","journal-title":"Folia Medica"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.03.016","article-title":"Scleroderma induced by pembrolizumab: a case series","volume":"92","author":"Barbosa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050496","article-title":"Neuromyotonia in association with systemic sclerosis","volume":"246","author":"Benito-Le\u00f3n","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.116","first-page":"2246","article-title":"Skeletal muscle pathology in systemic sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Calore","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.117","first-page":"425","article-title":"[Morphologic knowledge of polyneuropathy in progressive scleroderma]. [Article in German]","volume":"35","author":"Korting","year":"1984","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.118","first-page":"158","article-title":"Karpaltunnelsyndrom bei diffuser Sklerodermie [Carpal tunnel syndrome in diffuse scleroderma]. [Article in German]","volume":"30","author":"Lonsdorf","year":"1979","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4103\/0022-3859.93254","article-title":"Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein polyneuropathy coexistent with CREST syndrome","volume":"58","author":"Andreadou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1992.00530360094024"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.121","first-page":"942","article-title":"Vasculitis in systemic sclerosis: association with Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome and the CREST syndrome variant","volume":"14","author":"Oddis","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410230506"},{"key":"2023010522252301000_48.12.1839.123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.5301\/jsrd.5000198","article-title":"Systemic sclerosis trial design moving forward","volume":"1","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Scleroderma Relat Disord."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.201299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T14:29:38Z","timestamp":1699194578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jrheum.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.201299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3899\/jrheum.201299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.201299","relation":{},"ISSN":["0315-162X","1499-2752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0315-162X","type":"print"},{"value":"1499-2752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]}}}