{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T02:43:29Z","timestamp":1779245009271,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) and associated risk factors in a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reassessed the presence of CAC in patients with SLE who were screened 9 years before, using multidetector computed tomography. Clinical variables (cumulated disease activity and damage accrual), antiphospholipid syndrome and SLE serology, and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (hypertension, BMI [kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>], modified Framingham risk score, lipid profile, menopausal status) were assessed longitudinally.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 104 patients from the parent study. Most of them were women (94.2%), with a mean age of 41.0 (SD 8.3) years and mean disease duration of 14.8 (SD 2.9) years. We documented CAC in 17 patients (16.3%). Seven cases were from the parent study and 10 were incident cases. The cumulative incidence of CAC was 9% and the incidence density was 1 per 100 person-years. CAC occurred more frequently in the age groups 30-39 years and 40-44 years. All patients with previous CAC had worsening of their calcium indexes, and none developed clinical CV events. When comparing prevalent CAC cases (n = 17) vs patients without calcification (n = 87), both groups were similar in traditional CV risk factors, disease duration, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) area under the curve (AUC), and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) score, but were more likely to be postmenopausal and have higher apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels. Patients with previous CAC had higher apoB levels, SLEDAI-2K AUC scores, and anticardiolipin IgG antibodies than incident cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CAC in patients with SLE progressed over time but was not associated with adverse CV events during the first 9 years of follow-up. ApoB levels and postmenopausal status might be associated with this progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.2024-0040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T12:15:56Z","timestamp":1719836156000},"page":"jrheum.2024-0040","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Coronary Artery Calcification Progression in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.3899","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5414-0346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario C.","family":"Ocampo-Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7958-0391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5343-0280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Criales-Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2548-7276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Lara-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1782-5095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juanita","family":"Romero-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.2024-0040","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T12:20:45Z","timestamp":1722514845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jrheum.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.2024-0040"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"references-count":0,"alternative-id":["10.3899\/jrheum.2024-0040"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.2024-0040","relation":{},"ISSN":["0315-162X","1499-2752","0315-162X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0315-162X","type":"print"},{"value":"1499-2752","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0315-162X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]}}}